c++: use __cxa_call_terminate for MUST_NOT_THROW [PR97720]

[except.handle]/7 says that when we enter std::terminate due to a throw,
that is considered an active handler.  We already implemented that properly
for the case of not finding a handler (__cxa_throw calls __cxa_begin_catch
before std::terminate) and the case of finding a callsite with no landing
pad (the personality function calls __cxa_call_terminate which calls
__cxa_begin_catch), but for the case of a throw in a try/catch in a noexcept
function, we were emitting a cleanup that calls std::terminate directly
without ever calling __cxa_begin_catch to handle the exception.

A straightforward way to fix this seems to be calling __cxa_call_terminate
instead.  However, that requires exporting it from libstdc++, which we have
not previously done.  Despite the name, it isn't actually part of the ABI
standard.  Nor is __cxa_call_unexpected, as far as I can tell, but that one
is also used by clang.  For this case they use __clang_call_terminate; it
seems reasonable to me for us to stick with __cxa_call_terminate.

I also change __cxa_call_terminate to take void* for simplicity in the front
end (and consistency with __cxa_call_unexpected) but that isn't necessary if
it's undesirable for some reason.

This patch does not fix the issue that representing the noexcept as a
cleanup is wrong, and confuses the handler search; since it looks like a
cleanup in the EH tables, the unwinder keeps looking until it finds the
catch in main(), which it should never have gotten to.  Without the
try/catch in main, the unwinder would reach the end of the stack and say no
handler was found.  The noexcept is a handler, and should be treated as one,
as it is when the landing pad is omitted.

The best fix for that issue seems to me to be to represent an
ERT_MUST_NOT_THROW after an ERT_TRY in an action list as though it were an
ERT_ALLOWED_EXCEPTIONS (since indeed it is an exception-specification).  The
actual code generation shouldn't need to change (apart from the change made
by this patch), only the action table entry.

	PR c++/97720

gcc/cp/ChangeLog:

	* cp-tree.h (enum cp_tree_index): Add CPTI_CALL_TERMINATE_FN.
	(call_terminate_fn): New macro.
	* cp-gimplify.cc (gimplify_must_not_throw_expr): Use it.
	* except.cc (init_exception_processing): Set it.
	(cp_protect_cleanup_actions): Return it.

gcc/ChangeLog:

	* tree-eh.cc (lower_resx): Pass the exception pointer to the
	failure_decl.
	* except.h: Tweak comment.

libstdc++-v3/ChangeLog:

	* libsupc++/eh_call.cc (__cxa_call_terminate): Take void*.
	* config/abi/pre/gnu.ver: Add it.

gcc/testsuite/ChangeLog:

	* g++.dg/eh/terminate2.C: New test.

gcc/cp/cp-gimplify.cc

@@ -343,7 +343,7 @@ gimplify_must_not_throw_expr (tree *expr_p, gimple_seq *pre_p)
   gimple *mnt;
 
   gimplify_and_add (body, &try_);
-  mnt = gimple_build_eh_must_not_throw (terminate_fn);
+  mnt = gimple_build_eh_must_not_throw (call_terminate_fn);
   gimple_seq_add_stmt_without_update (&catch_, mnt);
   mnt = gimple_build_try (try_, catch_, GIMPLE_TRY_CATCH);
 

gcc/cp/cp-tree.h

@@ -217,6 +217,7 @@ enum cp_tree_index
        definitions.  */
     CPTI_ALIGN_TYPE,
     CPTI_TERMINATE_FN,
+    CPTI_CALL_TERMINATE_FN,
     CPTI_CALL_UNEXPECTED_FN,
 
     /* These are lazily inited.  */
@@ -358,6 +359,7 @@ extern GTY(()) tree cp_global_trees[CPTI_MAX];
 /* Exception handling function declarations.  */
 #define terminate_fn			cp_global_trees[CPTI_TERMINATE_FN]
 #define call_unexpected_fn		cp_global_trees[CPTI_CALL_UNEXPECTED_FN]
+#define call_terminate_fn		cp_global_trees[CPTI_CALL_TERMINATE_FN]
 #define get_exception_ptr_fn		cp_global_trees[CPTI_GET_EXCEPTION_PTR_FN]
 #define begin_catch_fn			cp_global_trees[CPTI_BEGIN_CATCH_FN]
 #define end_catch_fn			cp_global_trees[CPTI_END_CATCH_FN]

gcc/cp/except.cc

@@ -64,6 +64,9 @@ init_exception_processing (void)
   tmp = build_function_type_list (void_type_node, ptr_type_node, NULL_TREE);
   call_unexpected_fn
     = push_throw_library_fn (get_identifier ("__cxa_call_unexpected"), tmp);
+  call_terminate_fn
+    = push_library_fn (get_identifier ("__cxa_call_terminate"), tmp, NULL_TREE,
+		       ECF_NORETURN | ECF_COLD | ECF_NOTHROW);
 }
 
 /* Returns an expression to be executed if an unhandled exception is
@@ -76,7 +79,7 @@ cp_protect_cleanup_actions (void)
 
      When the destruction of an object during stack unwinding exits
      using an exception ... void terminate(); is called.  */
-  return terminate_fn;
+  return call_terminate_fn;
 }
 
 static tree

gcc/except.h

@@ -155,7 +155,7 @@ struct GTY(()) eh_region_d
     struct eh_region_u_must_not_throw {
       /* A function decl to be invoked if this region is actually reachable
 	 from within the function, rather than implementable from the runtime.
-	 The normal way for this to happen is for there to be a CLEANUP region
+	 The normal way for this to happen is for there to be a TRY region
 	 contained within this MUST_NOT_THROW region.  Note that if the
 	 runtime handles the MUST_NOT_THROW region, we have no control over
 	 what termination function is called; it will be decided by the

gcc/testsuite/g++.dg/eh/terminate2.C

@@ -0,0 +1,30 @@
+// PR c++/97720
+// { dg-do run }
+
+// Test that there is an active exception when we reach the terminate handler.
+
+#include <exception>
+#include <cstdlib>
+
+void bad_guy() throw() {
+  try { throw 0; }
+  catch (float) { }
+  // Don't catch int.
+}
+
+void level1() {
+  bad_guy();
+  throw "dead code";
+}
+
+void my_term()
+{
+  try { throw; }
+  catch(...) { std::exit(0); }
+}
+
+int main() {
+  std::set_terminate (my_term);
+  try { level1(); }
+  catch (int) { }
+}

gcc/tree-eh.cc

@@ -3382,8 +3382,22 @@ lower_resx (basic_block bb, gresx *stmt,
 	      lab = gimple_block_label (new_bb);
 	      gsi2 = gsi_start_bb (new_bb);
 
+	      /* Handle failure fns that expect either no arguments or the
+		 exception pointer.  */
 	      fn = dst_r->u.must_not_throw.failure_decl;
-	      x = gimple_build_call (fn, 0);
+	      if (TYPE_ARG_TYPES (TREE_TYPE (fn)) != void_list_node)
+		{
+		  tree epfn = builtin_decl_implicit (BUILT_IN_EH_POINTER);
+		  src_nr = build_int_cst (integer_type_node, src_r->index);
+		  x = gimple_build_call (epfn, 1, src_nr);
+		  tree var = create_tmp_var (ptr_type_node);
+		  var = make_ssa_name (var, x);
+		  gimple_call_set_lhs (x, var);
+		  gsi_insert_after (&gsi2, x, GSI_CONTINUE_LINKING);
+		  x = gimple_build_call (fn, 1, var);
+		}
+	      else
+		x = gimple_build_call (fn, 0);
 	      gimple_set_location (x, dst_r->u.must_not_throw.failure_loc);
 	      gsi_insert_after (&gsi2, x, GSI_CONTINUE_LINKING);
 

libstdc++-v3/config/abi/pre/gnu.ver

@@ -2841,6 +2841,13 @@ CXXABI_1.3.14 {
 
 } CXXABI_1.3.13;
 
+CXXABI_1.3.15 {
+
+  global:
+    __cxa_call_terminate;
+
+} CXXABI_1.3.14;
+
 # Symbols in the support library (libsupc++) supporting transactional memory.
 CXXABI_TM_1 {
 

libstdc++-v3/libsupc++/eh_call.cc

@@ -36,8 +36,10 @@ using namespace __cxxabiv1;
 // terminate.
 
 extern "C" void
-__cxa_call_terminate(_Unwind_Exception* ue_header) throw ()
+__cxa_call_terminate(void* ue_header_in) throw ()
 {
+  _Unwind_Exception* ue_header
+    = reinterpret_cast<_Unwind_Exception*>(ue_header_in);
 
   if (ue_header)
     {