diff --git a/libstdc++-v3/testsuite/29_atomics/atomic_ref/address.cc b/libstdc++-v3/testsuite/29_atomics/atomic_ref/address.cc
index 42a080af55e2..e2eda506efa2 100644
--- a/libstdc++-v3/testsuite/29_atomics/atomic_ref/address.cc
+++ b/libstdc++-v3/testsuite/29_atomics/atomic_ref/address.cc
@@ -24,8 +24,11 @@ void testAtomicRefAddressForCV()
 {
   testAtomicRefAddress<T>();
   testAtomicRefAddress<const T>();
-  testAtomicRefAddress<volatile T>();
-  testAtomicRefAddress<const volatile T>();
+  if constexpr (std::atomic_ref<T>::is_always_lock_free)
+  {
+    testAtomicRefAddress<volatile T>();
+    testAtomicRefAddress<const volatile T>();
+  }
 }
 
 int
diff --git a/libstdc++-v3/testsuite/29_atomics/atomic_ref/bool.cc b/libstdc++-v3/testsuite/29_atomics/atomic_ref/bool.cc
index c73319010ee8..76ba9fdbc632 100644
--- a/libstdc++-v3/testsuite/29_atomics/atomic_ref/bool.cc
+++ b/libstdc++-v3/testsuite/29_atomics/atomic_ref/bool.cc
@@ -21,12 +21,16 @@
 
 #include <atomic>
 #include <testsuite_hooks.h>
+#include <type_traits>
+
+template<typename T>
+using volatile_
+ = std::conditional_t<std::atomic_ref<T>::is_always_lock_free, volatile T, T>;
 
 void
 test01()
 {
   bool value;
-
   {
     const auto mo = std::memory_order_relaxed;
     std::atomic_ref<bool> a(value);
@@ -66,8 +70,8 @@ test02()
   std::atomic_ref<bool> a0(b);
   std::atomic_ref<bool> a1(b);
   std::atomic_ref<const bool> a1c(b);
-  std::atomic_ref<volatile bool> a1v(b);
-  std::atomic_ref<const volatile bool> a1cv(b);
+  std::atomic_ref<volatile_<bool>> a1v(b);
+  std::atomic_ref<volatile_<const bool>> a1cv(b);
   std::atomic_ref<bool> a2(a0);
   b = true;
   VERIFY( a1.load() );
diff --git a/libstdc++-v3/testsuite/29_atomics/atomic_ref/deduction.cc b/libstdc++-v3/testsuite/29_atomics/atomic_ref/deduction.cc
index 01dbfce23751..bfc2080e566a 100644
--- a/libstdc++-v3/testsuite/29_atomics/atomic_ref/deduction.cc
+++ b/libstdc++-v3/testsuite/29_atomics/atomic_ref/deduction.cc
@@ -33,8 +33,11 @@ test(T v)
 {
   test_impl<T>(v);
   test_impl<const T>(v);
-  test_impl<volatile T>(v);
-  test_impl<const volatile T>(v);
+  if constexpr (std::atomic_ref<T>::is_always_lock_free)
+  {
+    test_impl<volatile T>(v);
+    test_impl<const volatile T>(v);
+  }
 }
 
 int main()
diff --git a/libstdc++-v3/testsuite/29_atomics/atomic_ref/float.cc b/libstdc++-v3/testsuite/29_atomics/atomic_ref/float.cc
index c69f3a711d34..5736668aeee1 100644
--- a/libstdc++-v3/testsuite/29_atomics/atomic_ref/float.cc
+++ b/libstdc++-v3/testsuite/29_atomics/atomic_ref/float.cc
@@ -19,6 +19,11 @@
 
 #include <atomic>
 #include <testsuite_hooks.h>
+#include <type_traits>
+
+template<typename T>
+using volatile_
+ = std::conditional_t<std::atomic_ref<T>::is_always_lock_free, volatile T, T>;
 
 void
 test01()
@@ -297,22 +302,19 @@ test03()
 void
 test04()
 {
-  if constexpr (std::atomic_ref<float>::is_always_lock_free)
-  {
-    float i = 0.0f;
-    std::atomic_ref<float> a0(i);
-    std::atomic_ref<float> a1(i);
-    std::atomic_ref<const float> a1c(i);
-    std::atomic_ref<volatile float> a1v(i);
-    std::atomic_ref<const volatile float> a1cv(i);
-    std::atomic_ref<float> a2(a0);
-    a0 = 1.0f;
-    VERIFY( a1 == 1.0f );
-    VERIFY( a1c == 1.0f );
-    VERIFY( a1v == 1.0f );
-    VERIFY( a1cv == 1.0f );
-    VERIFY( a2 == 1.0f );
-  }
+  float i = 0.0f;
+  std::atomic_ref<float> a0(i);
+  std::atomic_ref<float> a1(i);
+  std::atomic_ref<const float> a1c(i);
+  std::atomic_ref<volatile_<float>> a1v(i);
+  std::atomic_ref<volatile_<const float>> a1cv(i);
+  std::atomic_ref<float> a2(a0);
+  a0 = 1.0f;
+  VERIFY( a1 == 1.0f );
+  VERIFY( a1c == 1.0f );
+  VERIFY( a1v == 1.0f );
+  VERIFY( a1cv == 1.0f );
+  VERIFY( a2 == 1.0f );
 }
 
 int
diff --git a/libstdc++-v3/testsuite/29_atomics/atomic_ref/generic.cc b/libstdc++-v3/testsuite/29_atomics/atomic_ref/generic.cc
index 079ec1b1a785..7bdecdd9be8d 100644
--- a/libstdc++-v3/testsuite/29_atomics/atomic_ref/generic.cc
+++ b/libstdc++-v3/testsuite/29_atomics/atomic_ref/generic.cc
@@ -22,6 +22,11 @@
 #include <atomic>
 #include <limits.h>
 #include <testsuite_hooks.h>
+#include <type_traits>
+
+template<typename T>
+using volatile_
+ = std::conditional_t<std::atomic_ref<T>::is_always_lock_free, volatile T, T>;
 
 struct X
 {
@@ -109,8 +114,8 @@ test02()
   std::atomic_ref<X> a0(i);
   std::atomic_ref<X> a1(i);
   std::atomic_ref<const X> a1c(i);
-  std::atomic_ref<volatile X> a1v(i);
-  std::atomic_ref<const volatile X> a1cv(i);
+  std::atomic_ref<volatile_<X>> a1v(i);
+  std::atomic_ref<volatile_<const X>> a1cv(i);
   std::atomic_ref<X> a2(a0);
   a0 = 42;
   VERIFY( a1.load() == 42 );
diff --git a/libstdc++-v3/testsuite/29_atomics/atomic_ref/integral.cc b/libstdc++-v3/testsuite/29_atomics/atomic_ref/integral.cc
index 310434cefb54..010b40b62a0d 100644
--- a/libstdc++-v3/testsuite/29_atomics/atomic_ref/integral.cc
+++ b/libstdc++-v3/testsuite/29_atomics/atomic_ref/integral.cc
@@ -22,6 +22,11 @@
 #include <atomic>
 #include <limits.h>
 #include <testsuite_hooks.h>
+#include <type_traits>
+
+template<typename T>
+using volatile_
+ = std::conditional_t<std::atomic_ref<T>::is_always_lock_free, volatile T, T>;
 
 void
 test01()
@@ -303,8 +308,8 @@ test03()
   std::atomic_ref<int> a0(i);
   std::atomic_ref<int> a1(i);
   std::atomic_ref<const int> a1c(i);
-  std::atomic_ref<volatile int> a1v(i);
-  std::atomic_ref<const volatile int> a1cv(i);
+  std::atomic_ref<volatile_<int>> a1v(i);
+  std::atomic_ref<volatile_<const int>> a1cv(i);
   std::atomic_ref<int> a2(a0);
   a0 = 42;
   VERIFY( a1 == 42 );
diff --git a/libstdc++-v3/testsuite/29_atomics/atomic_ref/op_support.cc b/libstdc++-v3/testsuite/29_atomics/atomic_ref/op_support.cc
index 93c65dce2636..3afa0bb6a8d2 100644
--- a/libstdc++-v3/testsuite/29_atomics/atomic_ref/op_support.cc
+++ b/libstdc++-v3/testsuite/29_atomics/atomic_ref/op_support.cc
@@ -2,6 +2,11 @@
 
 #include <atomic>
 
+template<typename T>
+concept is_supported
+  = !std::is_volatile_v<T>
+  || std::atomic_ref<std::remove_cv_t<T>>::is_always_lock_free;
+
 template<class T> concept has_and = requires (T& a) { a &= false; };
 template<class T> concept has_or = requires (T& a) { a |= false; };
 template<class T> concept has_xor = requires (T& a) { a ^= false; };
@@ -16,53 +21,62 @@ template<typename T>
 void
 no_stores()
 {
-  static_assert( !HAS(a = t) );
-  static_assert( !HAS(a.store(t)) );
-  static_assert( !HAS(a.store(t, mo)) );
-  static_assert( !HAS(a.exchange(t)) );
-  static_assert( !HAS(a.exchange(t, mo)) );
+  if constexpr (is_supported<T>)
+  {
+    static_assert( !HAS(a = t) );
+    static_assert( !HAS(a.store(t)) );
+    static_assert( !HAS(a.store(t, mo)) );
+    static_assert( !HAS(a.exchange(t)) );
+    static_assert( !HAS(a.exchange(t, mo)) );
 
-  static_assert( !HAS(a.compare_exchange_weak(t, t)) );
-  static_assert( !HAS(a.compare_exchange_weak(t, t, mo)) );
-  static_assert( !HAS(a.compare_exchange_weak(t, t, mo, mo)) );
+    static_assert( !HAS(a.compare_exchange_weak(t, t)) );
+    static_assert( !HAS(a.compare_exchange_weak(t, t, mo)) );
+    static_assert( !HAS(a.compare_exchange_weak(t, t, mo, mo)) );
 
-  static_assert( !HAS(a.compare_exchange_strong(t, t)) );
-  static_assert( !HAS(a.compare_exchange_strong(t, t, mo)) );
-  static_assert( !HAS(a.compare_exchange_strong(t, t, mo, mo)) );
+    static_assert( !HAS(a.compare_exchange_strong(t, t)) );
+    static_assert( !HAS(a.compare_exchange_strong(t, t, mo)) );
+    static_assert( !HAS(a.compare_exchange_strong(t, t, mo, mo)) );
+  }
 }
 
 template<typename T>
 void
 no_additions()
 {
-  static_assert( !HAS(a++) );
-  static_assert( !HAS(++a) );
-  static_assert( !HAS(a += t) );
-  static_assert( !HAS(a.fetch_add(t)) );
-  static_assert( !HAS(a.fetch_add(t, mo)) );
+  if constexpr (is_supported<T>)
+  {
+    static_assert( !HAS(a++) );
+    static_assert( !HAS(++a) );
+    static_assert( !HAS(a += t) );
+    static_assert( !HAS(a.fetch_add(t)) );
+    static_assert( !HAS(a.fetch_add(t, mo)) );
 
-  static_assert( !HAS(a--) );
-  static_assert( !HAS(--a) );
-  static_assert( !HAS(a -= t) );
-  static_assert( !HAS(a.fetch_sub(t)) );
-  static_assert( !HAS(a.fetch_sub(t, mo)) );
+    static_assert( !HAS(a--) );
+    static_assert( !HAS(--a) );
+    static_assert( !HAS(a -= t) );
+    static_assert( !HAS(a.fetch_sub(t)) );
+    static_assert( !HAS(a.fetch_sub(t, mo)) );
+  }
 }
 
 template<typename T>
 void
 no_bitops()
 {
-  static_assert( !HAS(a &= t) );
-  static_assert( !HAS(a.fetch_and(t)) );
-  static_assert( !HAS(a.fetch_and(t, mo)) );
+  if constexpr (is_supported<T>)
+  {
+    static_assert( !HAS(a &= t) );
+    static_assert( !HAS(a.fetch_and(t)) );
+    static_assert( !HAS(a.fetch_and(t, mo)) );
 
-  static_assert( !HAS(a |= t) );
-  static_assert( !HAS(a.fetch_or(t)) );
-  static_assert( !HAS(a.fetch_or(t, mo)) );
+    static_assert( !HAS(a |= t) );
+    static_assert( !HAS(a.fetch_or(t)) );
+    static_assert( !HAS(a.fetch_or(t, mo)) );
 
-  static_assert( !HAS(a ^= t) );
-  static_assert( !HAS(a.fetch_xor(t)) );
-  static_assert( !HAS(a.fetch_xor(t, mo)) );
+    static_assert( !HAS(a ^= t) );
+    static_assert( !HAS(a.fetch_xor(t)) );
+    static_assert( !HAS(a.fetch_xor(t, mo)) );
+  }
 }
 
 template<typename T>
diff --git a/libstdc++-v3/testsuite/29_atomics/atomic_ref/pointer.cc b/libstdc++-v3/testsuite/29_atomics/atomic_ref/pointer.cc
index 8db45c797c8d..c503b330f9d6 100644
--- a/libstdc++-v3/testsuite/29_atomics/atomic_ref/pointer.cc
+++ b/libstdc++-v3/testsuite/29_atomics/atomic_ref/pointer.cc
@@ -21,6 +21,11 @@
 
 #include <atomic>
 #include <testsuite_hooks.h>
+#include <type_traits>
+
+template<typename T>
+using volatile_
+ = std::conditional_t<std::atomic_ref<T>::is_always_lock_free, volatile T, T>;
 
 void
 test01()
@@ -211,8 +216,8 @@ test03()
   std::atomic_ref<int*> a0(ptr);
   std::atomic_ref<int*> a1(ptr);
   std::atomic_ref<int* const> a1c(ptr);
-  std::atomic_ref<int* volatile> a1v(ptr);
-  std::atomic_ref<int* const volatile> a1cv(ptr);
+  std::atomic_ref<volatile_<int*>> a1v(ptr);
+  std::atomic_ref<volatile_<int* const>> a1cv(ptr);
   std::atomic_ref<int*> a2(a0);
   a0 = &i;
   VERIFY( a1 == &i );
diff --git a/libstdc++-v3/testsuite/29_atomics/atomic_ref/requirements.cc b/libstdc++-v3/testsuite/29_atomics/atomic_ref/requirements.cc
index 8617661f8e13..5d67c77daa8d 100644
--- a/libstdc++-v3/testsuite/29_atomics/atomic_ref/requirements.cc
+++ b/libstdc++-v3/testsuite/29_atomics/atomic_ref/requirements.cc
@@ -20,61 +20,78 @@
 #include <atomic>
 #include <type_traits>
 
+template<typename T>
+concept is_supported
+  = !std::is_volatile_v<T>
+  || std::atomic_ref<std::remove_cv_t<T>>::is_always_lock_free;
+
 template <class T>
 void
 test_generic()
 {
-  using A = std::atomic_ref<T>;
-  static_assert( std::is_standard_layout_v<A> );
-  static_assert( std::is_nothrow_copy_constructible_v<A> );
-  static_assert( std::is_trivially_destructible_v<A> );
-  static_assert( std::is_same_v<typename A::value_type, std::remove_cv_t<T>> );
-  static_assert( !requires { typename A::difference_type; } );
-  static_assert( !std::is_copy_assignable_v<A> );
-  static_assert( !std::is_move_assignable_v<A> );
+  if constexpr (is_supported<T>)
+  {
+    using A = std::atomic_ref<T>;
+    static_assert( std::is_standard_layout_v<A> );
+    static_assert( std::is_nothrow_copy_constructible_v<A> );
+    static_assert( std::is_trivially_destructible_v<A> );
+    static_assert( std::is_same_v<typename A::value_type, std::remove_cv_t<T>> );
+    static_assert( !requires { typename A::difference_type; } );
+    static_assert( !std::is_copy_assignable_v<A> );
+    static_assert( !std::is_move_assignable_v<A> );
+  }
 }
 
 template <class T>
 void
 test_integral()
 {
-  using A = std::atomic_ref<T>;
-  static_assert( std::is_standard_layout_v<A> );
-  static_assert( std::is_nothrow_copy_constructible_v<A> );
-  static_assert( std::is_trivially_destructible_v<A> );
-  static_assert( std::is_same_v<typename A::value_type, std::remove_cv_t<T>> );
-  static_assert( std::is_same_v<typename A::difference_type, typename A::value_type> );
-  static_assert( !std::is_copy_assignable_v<A> );
-  static_assert( !std::is_move_assignable_v<A> );
+  if constexpr (is_supported<T>)
+  {
+    using A = std::atomic_ref<T>;
+    static_assert( std::is_standard_layout_v<A> );
+    static_assert( std::is_nothrow_copy_constructible_v<A> );
+    static_assert( std::is_trivially_destructible_v<A> );
+    static_assert( std::is_same_v<typename A::value_type, std::remove_cv_t<T>> );
+    static_assert( std::is_same_v<typename A::difference_type, typename A::value_type> );
+    static_assert( !std::is_copy_assignable_v<A> );
+    static_assert( !std::is_move_assignable_v<A> );
+  }
 }
 
 template <class T>
 void
 test_floating_point()
 {
-  using A = std::atomic_ref<T>;
-  static_assert( std::is_standard_layout_v<A> );
-  static_assert( std::is_nothrow_copy_constructible_v<A> );
-  static_assert( std::is_trivially_destructible_v<A> );
-  static_assert( std::is_same_v<typename A::value_type, std::remove_cv_t<T>> );
-  static_assert( std::is_same_v<typename A::difference_type, typename A::value_type> );
-  static_assert( !std::is_copy_assignable_v<A> );
-  static_assert( !std::is_move_assignable_v<A> );
+  if constexpr (is_supported<T>)
+  {
+    using A = std::atomic_ref<T>;
+    static_assert( std::is_standard_layout_v<A> );
+    static_assert( std::is_nothrow_copy_constructible_v<A> );
+    static_assert( std::is_trivially_destructible_v<A> );
+    static_assert( std::is_same_v<typename A::value_type, std::remove_cv_t<T>> );
+    static_assert( std::is_same_v<typename A::difference_type, typename A::value_type> );
+    static_assert( !std::is_copy_assignable_v<A> );
+    static_assert( !std::is_move_assignable_v<A> );
+  }
 }
 
 template <class T>
 void
 test_pointer()
 {
-  using A = std::atomic_ref<T>;
-  static_assert( std::is_standard_layout_v<A> );
-  static_assert( std::is_nothrow_copy_constructible_v<A> );
-  static_assert( std::is_trivially_destructible_v<A> );
-  static_assert( std::is_same_v<typename A::value_type, std::remove_cv_t<T>> );
-  static_assert( std::is_same_v<typename A::difference_type, std::ptrdiff_t> );
-  static_assert( std::is_nothrow_copy_constructible_v<A> );
-  static_assert( !std::is_copy_assignable_v<A> );
-  static_assert( !std::is_move_assignable_v<A> );
+  if constexpr (is_supported<T>)
+  {
+    using A = std::atomic_ref<T>;
+    static_assert( std::is_standard_layout_v<A> );
+    static_assert( std::is_nothrow_copy_constructible_v<A> );
+    static_assert( std::is_trivially_destructible_v<A> );
+    static_assert( std::is_same_v<typename A::value_type, std::remove_cv_t<T>> );
+    static_assert( std::is_same_v<typename A::difference_type, std::ptrdiff_t> );
+    static_assert( std::is_nothrow_copy_constructible_v<A> );
+    static_assert( !std::is_copy_assignable_v<A> );
+    static_assert( !std::is_move_assignable_v<A> );
+  }
 }
 
 int