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c-tree.texi, [...]: Correct end-of-sentence markup and markup of "etc.", "e.g." and "i.e.". 

* doc/c-tree.texi, doc/cfg.texi, doc/contrib.texi, doc/cpp.texi,
	doc/cppopts.texi, doc/extend.texi, doc/fragments.texi,
	doc/frontends.texi, doc/gcov.texi, doc/hostconfig.texi,
	doc/implement-c.texi, doc/install.texi, doc/invoke.texi,
	doc/libgcc.texi, doc/md.texi, doc/passes.texi,
	doc/portability.texi, doc/rtl.texi, doc/sourcebuild.texi,
	doc/standards.texi, doc/tm.texi, doc/tree-ssa.texi,
	doc/trouble.texi: Correct end-of-sentence markup and markup of
	"etc.", "e.g." and "i.e.".  Use @code in various places where
	appropriate.

From-SVN: r90101
This commit is contained in:
Joseph Myers 2004-11-05 01:36:57 +00:00 committed by Joseph Myers
parent f0eb93a806
commit 8a36672b01
24 changed files with 365 additions and 352 deletions
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13
gcc/ChangeLog
View File

@ -1,3 +1,16 @@
2004-11-05 Joseph S. Myers <joseph@codesourcery.com>
* doc/c-tree.texi, doc/cfg.texi, doc/contrib.texi, doc/cpp.texi,
doc/cppopts.texi, doc/extend.texi, doc/fragments.texi,
doc/frontends.texi, doc/gcov.texi, doc/hostconfig.texi,
doc/implement-c.texi, doc/install.texi, doc/invoke.texi,
doc/libgcc.texi, doc/md.texi, doc/passes.texi,
doc/portability.texi, doc/rtl.texi, doc/sourcebuild.texi,
doc/standards.texi, doc/tm.texi, doc/tree-ssa.texi,
doc/trouble.texi: Correct end-of-sentence markup and markup of
"etc.", "e.g." and "i.e.". Use @code in various places where
appropriate.
2004-11-05 Joseph S. Myers <joseph@codesourcery.com> 2004-11-05 Joseph S. Myers <joseph@codesourcery.com>
* doc/c-tree.texi, doc/cfg.texi, doc/extend.texi, doc/gty.texi, * doc/c-tree.texi, doc/cfg.texi, doc/extend.texi, doc/gty.texi,

8
gcc/doc/c-tree.texi
View File

@ -776,7 +776,7 @@ The following macros can be used on a tree node representing a class-type.
@ftable @code @ftable @code
@item LOCAL_CLASS_P @item LOCAL_CLASS_P
This predicate holds if the class is local class @emph{i.e.} declared This predicate holds if the class is local class @emph{i.e.}@: declared
inside a function body. inside a function body.
@item TYPE_POLYMORPHIC_P @item TYPE_POLYMORPHIC_P
@ -2062,7 +2062,7 @@ These nodes represent integer division operations that return an integer
result. @code{TRUNC_DIV_EXPR} rounds towards zero, @code{FLOOR_DIV_EXPR} result. @code{TRUNC_DIV_EXPR} rounds towards zero, @code{FLOOR_DIV_EXPR}
rounds towards negative infinity, @code{CEIL_DIV_EXPR} rounds towards rounds towards negative infinity, @code{CEIL_DIV_EXPR} rounds towards
positive infinity and @code{ROUND_DIV_EXPR} rounds to the closest integer. positive infinity and @code{ROUND_DIV_EXPR} rounds to the closest integer.
Integer division in C and C++ is truncating, i.e@. @code{TRUNC_DIV_EXPR}. Integer division in C and C++ is truncating, i.e.@: @code{TRUNC_DIV_EXPR}.
The behavior of these operations on signed arithmetic overflow, when The behavior of these operations on signed arithmetic overflow, when
dividing the minimum signed integer by minus one, is controlled by the dividing the minimum signed integer by minus one, is controlled by the
@ -2076,9 +2076,9 @@ These nodes represent the integer remainder or modulus operation.
The integer modulus of two operands @code{a} and @code{b} is The integer modulus of two operands @code{a} and @code{b} is
defined as @code{a - (a/b)*b} where the division calculated using defined as @code{a - (a/b)*b} where the division calculated using
the corresponding division operator. Hence for @code{TRUNC_MOD_EXPR} the corresponding division operator. Hence for @code{TRUNC_MOD_EXPR}
this definition assumes division using truncation towards zero, i.e@. this definition assumes division using truncation towards zero, i.e.@:
@code{TRUNC_DIV_EXPR}. Integer remainder in C and C++ uses truncating @code{TRUNC_DIV_EXPR}. Integer remainder in C and C++ uses truncating
division, i.e@. @code{TRUNC_MOD_EXPR}. division, i.e.@: @code{TRUNC_MOD_EXPR}.
@item EXACT_DIV_EXPR @item EXACT_DIV_EXPR
The @code{EXACT_DIV_EXPR} code is used to represent integer divisions where The @code{EXACT_DIV_EXPR} code is used to represent integer divisions where

22
gcc/doc/cfg.texi
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@ -44,11 +44,11 @@ Two pointer members of the @code{basic_block} structure are the
pointers @code{next_bb} and @code{prev_bb}. These are used to keep pointers @code{next_bb} and @code{prev_bb}. These are used to keep
doubly linked chain of basic blocks in the same order as the doubly linked chain of basic blocks in the same order as the
underlying instruction stream. The chain of basic blocks is updated underlying instruction stream. The chain of basic blocks is updated
transparently by the provided API for manipulating the CFG. The macro transparently by the provided API for manipulating the CFG@. The macro
@code{FOR_EACH_BB} can be used to visit all the basic blocks in @code{FOR_EACH_BB} can be used to visit all the basic blocks in
lexicographical order. Dominator traversals are also possible using lexicographical order. Dominator traversals are also possible using
@code{walk_dominator_tree}. Given two basic blocks A and B, block A @code{walk_dominator_tree}. Given two basic blocks A and B, block A
dominates block B if A is @emph{always} executed before B. dominates block B if A is @emph{always} executed before B@.
@findex BASIC_BLOCK @findex BASIC_BLOCK
The @code{BASIC_BLOCK} array contains all basic blocks in an The @code{BASIC_BLOCK} array contains all basic blocks in an
@ -140,8 +140,8 @@ FOR_EACH_BB (bb)
@cindex edge in the flow graph @cindex edge in the flow graph
@findex edge @findex edge
Edges represent possible control flow transfers from the end of some Edges represent possible control flow transfers from the end of some
basic block A to the head of another basic block B. We say that A is basic block A to the head of another basic block B@. We say that A is
a predecessor of B, and B is a successor of A. Edges are represented a predecessor of B, and B is a successor of A@. Edges are represented
in GCC with the @code{edge} data type. Each @code{edge} acts as a in GCC with the @code{edge} data type. Each @code{edge} acts as a
link between two basic blocks: the @code{src} member of an edge link between two basic blocks: the @code{src} member of an edge
points to the predecessor basic block of the @code{dest} basic block. points to the predecessor basic block of the @code{dest} basic block.
@ -173,7 +173,7 @@ may be freely redirected when the flow graph is not in SSA form.
@findex EDGE_FALLTHRU, force_nonfallthru @findex EDGE_FALLTHRU, force_nonfallthru
Fall-thru edges are present in case where the basic block may continue Fall-thru edges are present in case where the basic block may continue
execution to the following one without branching. These edges have execution to the following one without branching. These edges have
the @code{EDGE_FALLTHRU} flag set. Unlike other types of edges, these the @code{EDGE_FALLTHRU} flag set. Unlike other types of edges, these
edges must come into the basic block immediately following in the edges must come into the basic block immediately following in the
instruction stream. The function @code{force_nonfallthru} is instruction stream. The function @code{force_nonfallthru} is
available to insert an unconditional jump in the case that redirection available to insert an unconditional jump in the case that redirection
@ -193,7 +193,7 @@ edges have the @code{EDGE_ABNORMAL} and @code{EDGE_EH} flags set.
@findex purge_dead_edges @findex purge_dead_edges
When updating the instruction stream it is easy to change possibly When updating the instruction stream it is easy to change possibly
trapping instruction to non-trapping, by simply removing the exception trapping instruction to non-trapping, by simply removing the exception
edge. The opposite conversion is difficult, but should not happen edge. The opposite conversion is difficult, but should not happen
anyway. The edges can be eliminated via @code{purge_dead_edges} call. anyway. The edges can be eliminated via @code{purge_dead_edges} call.
@findex REG_EH_REGION, EDGE_ABNORMAL_CALL @findex REG_EH_REGION, EDGE_ABNORMAL_CALL
@ -366,7 +366,7 @@ range from 0 to @code{REG_BR_PROB_BASE}. It represents probability of
passing control from the end of the @code{src} basic block to the passing control from the end of the @code{src} basic block to the
@code{dest} basic block, i.e.@: the probability that control will flow @code{dest} basic block, i.e.@: the probability that control will flow
along this edge. The @code{EDGE_FREQUENCY} macro is available to along this edge. The @code{EDGE_FREQUENCY} macro is available to
compute how frequently a given edge is taken. There is a @code{count} compute how frequently a given edge is taken. There is a @code{count}
field for each edge as well, representing same information as for a field for each edge as well, representing same information as for a
basic block. basic block.
@ -384,7 +384,7 @@ of basic blocks.
@findex redirect_edge_and_branch @findex redirect_edge_and_branch
Updating profile information is a delicate task that can unfortunately Updating profile information is a delicate task that can unfortunately
not be easily integrated with the CFG manipulation API. Many of the not be easily integrated with the CFG manipulation API@. Many of the
functions and hooks to modify the CFG, such as functions and hooks to modify the CFG, such as
@code{redirect_edge_and_branch}, do not have enough information to @code{redirect_edge_and_branch}, do not have enough information to
easily update the profile, so updating it is in the majority of cases easily update the profile, so updating it is in the majority of cases
@ -392,7 +392,7 @@ left up to the caller. It is difficult to uncover bugs in the profile
updating code, because they manifest themselves only by producing updating code, because they manifest themselves only by producing
worse code, and checking profile consistency is not possible because worse code, and checking profile consistency is not possible because
of numeric error accumulation. Hence special attention needs to be of numeric error accumulation. Hence special attention needs to be
given to this issue in each pass that modifies the CFG. given to this issue in each pass that modifies the CFG@.
@findex REG_BR_PROB_BASE, BB_FREQ_BASE, count @findex REG_BR_PROB_BASE, BB_FREQ_BASE, count
It is important to point out that @code{REG_BR_PROB_BASE} and It is important to point out that @code{REG_BR_PROB_BASE} and
@ -527,7 +527,7 @@ this is best modeled as redirection of edges in the control flow graph
and thus use of @code{redirect_edge_and_branch} is preferred over more and thus use of @code{redirect_edge_and_branch} is preferred over more
low level functions, such as @code{redirect_jump} that operate on RTL low level functions, such as @code{redirect_jump} that operate on RTL
chain only. The CFG hooks defined in @file{cfghooks.h} should provide chain only. The CFG hooks defined in @file{cfghooks.h} should provide
the complete API required for manipulating and maintaining the CFG. the complete API required for manipulating and maintaining the CFG@.
@findex find_sub_basic_blocks, split_block @findex find_sub_basic_blocks, split_block
It is also possible that a pass has to insert control flow instruction It is also possible that a pass has to insert control flow instruction
@ -561,7 +561,7 @@ function may be useful to find bugs in the control flow graph updating
code. code.
Note that at present, the representation of control flow in the Note that at present, the representation of control flow in the
@code{tree} representation is discarded before expanding to RTL. @code{tree} representation is discarded before expanding to RTL@.
Long term the CFG should be maintained and ``expanded'' to the Long term the CFG should be maintained and ``expanded'' to the
RTL representation along with the function @code{tree} itself. RTL representation along with the function @code{tree} itself.

28
gcc/doc/contrib.texi
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@ -94,7 +94,7 @@ Per Bothner for his direction via the steering committee and various
improvements to the infrastructure for supporting new languages. Chill improvements to the infrastructure for supporting new languages. Chill
front end implementation. Initial implementations of front end implementation. Initial implementations of
cpplib, fix-header, config.guess, libio, and past C++ library (libg++) cpplib, fix-header, config.guess, libio, and past C++ library (libg++)
maintainer. Dreaming up, designing and implementing much of GCJ. maintainer. Dreaming up, designing and implementing much of GCJ@.
@item @item
Devon Bowen helped port GCC to the Tahoe. Devon Bowen helped port GCC to the Tahoe.
@ -118,7 +118,7 @@ Christian Bruel for improvements to local store elimination.
Herman A.J. ten Brugge for various fixes. Herman A.J. ten Brugge for various fixes.
@item @item
Joerg Brunsmann for Java compiler hacking and help with the GCJ FAQ. Joerg Brunsmann for Java compiler hacking and help with the GCJ FAQ@.
@item @item
Joe Buck for his direction via the steering committee. Joe Buck for his direction via the steering committee.
@ -146,7 +146,7 @@ Steve Chamberlain for support for the Renesas SH and H8 processors
and the PicoJava processor, and for GCJ config fixes. and the PicoJava processor, and for GCJ config fixes.
@item @item
Glenn Chambers for help with the GCJ FAQ. Glenn Chambers for help with the GCJ FAQ@.
@item @item
John-Marc Chandonia for various libgcj patches. John-Marc Chandonia for various libgcj patches.
@ -236,7 +236,7 @@ Richard Earnshaw for his ongoing work with the ARM@.
David Edelsohn for his direction via the steering committee, ongoing work David Edelsohn for his direction via the steering committee, ongoing work
with the RS6000/PowerPC port, help cleaning up Haifa loop changes, with the RS6000/PowerPC port, help cleaning up Haifa loop changes,
doing the entire AIX port of libstdc++ with his bare hands, and for doing the entire AIX port of libstdc++ with his bare hands, and for
ensuring GCC properly keeps working on AIX. ensuring GCC properly keeps working on AIX@.
@item @item
Kevin Ediger for the floating point formatting of num_put::do_put in Kevin Ediger for the floating point formatting of num_put::do_put in
@ -279,7 +279,7 @@ feeding the gcc.gnu.org box and saving its users tons of spam.
Fred Fish for BeOS support and Ada fixes. Fred Fish for BeOS support and Ada fixes.
@item @item
Ivan Fontes Garcia for the Portugese translation of the GCJ FAQ. Ivan Fontes Garcia for the Portugese translation of the GCJ FAQ@.
@item @item
Peter Gerwinski for various bug fixes and the Pascal front end. Peter Gerwinski for various bug fixes and the Pascal front end.
@ -490,7 +490,7 @@ Warren Levy for tremendous work on libgcj (Java Runtime Library) and
random work on the Java front end. random work on the Java front end.
@item @item
Alain Lichnewsky ported GCC to the MIPS CPU. Alain Lichnewsky ported GCC to the MIPS CPU@.
@item @item
Oskar Liljeblad for hacking on AWT and his many Java bug reports and Oskar Liljeblad for hacking on AWT and his many Java bug reports and
@ -544,7 +544,7 @@ for Java test code.
Bryce McKinlay for numerous GCJ and libgcj fixes and improvements. Bryce McKinlay for numerous GCJ and libgcj fixes and improvements.
@item @item
Adam Megacz for his work on the Microsoft Windows port of GCJ. Adam Megacz for his work on the Microsoft Windows port of GCJ@.
@item @item
Michael Meissner for LRS framework, ia32, m32r, v850, m88k, MIPS, Michael Meissner for LRS framework, ia32, m32r, v850, m88k, MIPS,
@ -685,14 +685,14 @@ Ovidiu Predescu for his work on the Objective-C front end and runtime
libraries. libraries.
@item @item
Jerry Quinn for major performance improvements in C++ formatted I/O. Jerry Quinn for major performance improvements in C++ formatted I/O@.
@item @item
Ken Raeburn for various improvements to checker, MIPS ports and various Ken Raeburn for various improvements to checker, MIPS ports and various
cleanups in the compiler. cleanups in the compiler.
@item @item
Rolf W. Rasmussen for hacking on AWT. Rolf W. Rasmussen for hacking on AWT@.
@item @item
David Reese of Sun Microsystems contributed to the Solaris on PowerPC David Reese of Sun Microsystems contributed to the Solaris on PowerPC
@ -750,7 +750,7 @@ Roger Sayle for improvements to constant folding and GCC's RTL optimizers
as well as for fixing numerous bugs. as well as for fixing numerous bugs.
@item @item
Bradley Schatz for his work on the GCJ FAQ. Bradley Schatz for his work on the GCJ FAQ@.
@item @item
Peter Schauer wrote the code to allow debugging to work on the Alpha. Peter Schauer wrote the code to allow debugging to work on the Alpha.
@ -794,7 +794,7 @@ folding and help with the original VAX & m68k ports.
@item @item
Kenny Simpson for prompting libstdc++ fixes due to defect reports from Kenny Simpson for prompting libstdc++ fixes due to defect reports from
the LWG (thereby keeping GCC in line with updates from the ISO). the LWG (thereby keeping GCC in line with updates from the ISO)@.
@item @item
Franz Sirl for his ongoing work with making the PPC port stable Franz Sirl for his ongoing work with making the PPC port stable
@ -855,7 +855,7 @@ Ian Lance Taylor for his mips16 work, general configury hacking,
fixincludes, etc. fixincludes, etc.
@item @item
Holger Teutsch provided the support for the Clipper CPU. Holger Teutsch provided the support for the Clipper CPU@.
@item @item
Gary Thomas for his ongoing work to make the PPC work for GNU/Linux. Gary Thomas for his ongoing work to make the PPC work for GNU/Linux.
@ -864,7 +864,7 @@ Gary Thomas for his ongoing work to make the PPC work for GNU/Linux.
Philipp Thomas for random bug fixes throughout the compiler Philipp Thomas for random bug fixes throughout the compiler
@item @item
Jason Thorpe for thread support in libstdc++ on NetBSD. Jason Thorpe for thread support in libstdc++ on NetBSD@.
@item @item
Kresten Krab Thorup wrote the run time support for the Objective-C Kresten Krab Thorup wrote the run time support for the Objective-C
@ -938,7 +938,7 @@ Ulrich Weigand for work on the s390 port.
Zack Weinberg for major work on cpplib and various other bug fixes. Zack Weinberg for major work on cpplib and various other bug fixes.
@item @item
Matt Welsh for help with Linux Threads support in GCJ. Matt Welsh for help with Linux Threads support in GCJ@.
@item @item
Urban Widmark for help fixing java.io. Urban Widmark for help fixing java.io.

10
gcc/doc/cpp.texi
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@ -230,7 +230,7 @@ differences that do exist are detailed in the section @ref{Traditional
Mode}. Mode}.
For clarity, unless noted otherwise, references to @samp{CPP} in this For clarity, unless noted otherwise, references to @samp{CPP} in this
manual refer to GNU CPP. manual refer to GNU CPP@.
@c man end @c man end
@menu @menu
@ -596,7 +596,7 @@ Punctuator: @{ @} [ ] # ##
@end smallexample @end smallexample
@cindex other tokens @cindex other tokens
Any other single character is considered ``other''. It is passed on to Any other single character is considered ``other''. It is passed on to
the preprocessor's output unmolested. The C compiler will almost the preprocessor's output unmolested. The C compiler will almost
certainly reject source code containing ``other'' tokens. In ASCII, the certainly reject source code containing ``other'' tokens. In ASCII, the
only other characters are @samp{@@}, @samp{$}, @samp{`}, and control only other characters are @samp{@@}, @samp{$}, @samp{`}, and control
@ -2091,7 +2091,7 @@ handling.
@item __NEXT_RUNTIME__ @item __NEXT_RUNTIME__
This macro is defined, with value 1, if (and only if) the NeXT runtime This macro is defined, with value 1, if (and only if) the NeXT runtime
(as in @option{-fnext-runtime}) is in use for Objective-C. If the GNU (as in @option{-fnext-runtime}) is in use for Objective-C@. If the GNU
runtime is used, this macro is not defined, so that you can use this runtime is used, this macro is not defined, so that you can use this
macro to determine which runtime (NeXT or GNU) is being used. macro to determine which runtime (NeXT or GNU) is being used.
@ -3559,7 +3559,7 @@ replacement text before storing it, but preserves the form of internal
whitespace. whitespace.
One consequence is that it is legitimate for the replacement text to One consequence is that it is legitimate for the replacement text to
contain an unmatched quote (@pxref{Traditional lexical analysis}). An contain an unmatched quote (@pxref{Traditional lexical analysis}). An
unclosed string or character constant continues into the text unclosed string or character constant continues into the text
following the macro call. Similarly, the text at the end of a macro's following the macro call. Similarly, the text at the end of a macro's
expansion can run together with the text after the macro invocation to expansion can run together with the text after the macro invocation to
@ -3802,7 +3802,7 @@ target character, and then or-ing in the bit-pattern of the new
character truncated to the width of a target character. The final character truncated to the width of a target character. The final
bit-pattern is given type @code{int}, and is therefore signed, bit-pattern is given type @code{int}, and is therefore signed,
regardless of whether single characters are signed or not (a slight regardless of whether single characters are signed or not (a slight
change from versions 3.1 and earlier of GCC). If there are more change from versions 3.1 and earlier of GCC)@. If there are more
characters in the constant than would fit in the target @code{int} the characters in the constant than would fit in the target @code{int} the
compiler issues a warning, and the excess leading characters are compiler issues a warning, and the excess leading characters are
ignored. ignored.

12
gcc/doc/cppopts.texi
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@ -333,10 +333,10 @@ Headers}) together with @option{-E}. It inserts a special @code{#pragma},
@code{#pragma GCC pch_preprocess "<filename>"} in the output to mark @code{#pragma GCC pch_preprocess "<filename>"} in the output to mark
the place where the precompiled header was found, and its filename. When the place where the precompiled header was found, and its filename. When
@option{-fpreprocessed} is in use, GCC recognizes this @code{#pragma} and @option{-fpreprocessed} is in use, GCC recognizes this @code{#pragma} and
loads the PCH. loads the PCH@.
This option is off by default, because the resulting preprocessed output This option is off by default, because the resulting preprocessed output
is only really suitable as input to GCC. It is switched on by is only really suitable as input to GCC@. It is switched on by
@option{-save-temps}. @option{-save-temps}.
You should not write this @code{#pragma} in your own code, but it is You should not write this @code{#pragma} in your own code, but it is
@ -546,11 +546,11 @@ problems with encodings that do not fit exactly in @code{wchar_t}.
@item -finput-charset=@var{charset} @item -finput-charset=@var{charset}
@opindex finput-charset @opindex finput-charset
Set the input character set, used for translation from the character Set the input character set, used for translation from the character
set of the input file to the source character set used by GCC. If the set of the input file to the source character set used by GCC@. If the
locale does not specify, or GCC cannot get this information from the locale does not specify, or GCC cannot get this information from the
locale, the default is UTF-8. This can be overridden by either the locale locale, the default is UTF-8. This can be overridden by either the locale
or this command line option. Currently the command line option takes or this command line option. Currently the command line option takes
precedence if there's a conflict. @var{charset} can be any encoding precedence if there's a conflict. @var{charset} can be any encoding
supported by the system's @code{iconv} library routine. supported by the system's @code{iconv} library routine.
@item -fworking-directory @item -fworking-directory

62
gcc/doc/extend.texi
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@ -142,7 +142,7 @@ must use @code{typeof} (@pxref{Typeof}).
In G++, the result value of a statement expression undergoes array and In G++, the result value of a statement expression undergoes array and
function pointer decay, and is returned by value to the enclosing function pointer decay, and is returned by value to the enclosing
expression. For instance, if @code{A} is a class, then expression. For instance, if @code{A} is a class, then
@smallexample @smallexample
A a; A a;
@ -193,7 +193,7 @@ bug.)
@cindex macros, local labels @cindex macros, local labels
GCC allows you to declare @dfn{local labels} in any nested block GCC allows you to declare @dfn{local labels} in any nested block
scope. A local label is just like an ordinary label, but you can scope. A local label is just like an ordinary label, but you can
only reference it (with a @code{goto} statement, or by taking its only reference it (with a @code{goto} statement, or by taking its
address) within the block in which it was declared. address) within the block in which it was declared.
@ -1514,7 +1514,7 @@ you may use @code{__noreturn__} instead of @code{noreturn}.
attributes. attributes.
@table @code @table @code
@c Keep this table alphabetized by attribute name. Treat _ as space. @c Keep this table alphabetized by attribute name. Treat _ as space.
@item alias ("@var{target}") @item alias ("@var{target}")
@cindex @code{alias} attribute @cindex @code{alias} attribute
@ -1631,8 +1631,8 @@ Currently, the @code{dllexport} attribute is ignored for inlined
functions, unless the @option{-fkeep-inline-functions} flag has been functions, unless the @option{-fkeep-inline-functions} flag has been
used. The attribute is also ignored for undefined symbols. used. The attribute is also ignored for undefined symbols.
When applied to C++ classes. the attribute marks defined non-inlined When applied to C++ classes, the attribute marks defined non-inlined
member functions and static data members as exports. Static consts member functions and static data members as exports. Static consts
initialized in-class are not marked unless they are also defined initialized in-class are not marked unless they are also defined
out-of-class. out-of-class.
@ -1646,7 +1646,7 @@ the @option{--export-all} linker flag.
On Microsoft Windows and Symbian OS targets, the @code{dllimport} On Microsoft Windows and Symbian OS targets, the @code{dllimport}
attribute causes the compiler to reference a function or variable via attribute causes the compiler to reference a function or variable via
a global pointer to a pointer that is set up by the DLL exporting the a global pointer to a pointer that is set up by the DLL exporting the
symbol. The attribute implies @code{extern} storage. On Microsoft symbol. The attribute implies @code{extern} storage. On Microsoft
Windows targets, the pointer name is formed by combining @code{_imp__} Windows targets, the pointer name is formed by combining @code{_imp__}
and the function or variable name. and the function or variable name.
@ -1654,7 +1654,7 @@ You can use @code{__declspec(dllimport)} as a synonym for
@code{__attribute__ ((dllimport))} for compatibility with other @code{__attribute__ ((dllimport))} for compatibility with other
compilers. compilers.
Currently, the attribute is ignored for inlined functions. If the Currently, the attribute is ignored for inlined functions. If the
attribute is applied to a symbol @emph{definition}, an error is reported. attribute is applied to a symbol @emph{definition}, an error is reported.
If a symbol previously declared @code{dllimport} is later defined, the If a symbol previously declared @code{dllimport} is later defined, the
attribute is ignored in subsequent references, and a warning is emitted. attribute is ignored in subsequent references, and a warning is emitted.
@ -1676,12 +1676,12 @@ the current translation unit.
For Microsoft Windows based targets the use of the @code{dllimport} For Microsoft Windows based targets the use of the @code{dllimport}
attribute on functions is not necessary, but provides a small attribute on functions is not necessary, but provides a small
performance benefit by eliminating a thunk in the DLL. The use of the performance benefit by eliminating a thunk in the DLL@. The use of the
@code{dllimport} attribute on imported variables was required on older @code{dllimport} attribute on imported variables was required on older
versions of the GNU linker, but can now be avoided by passing the versions of the GNU linker, but can now be avoided by passing the
@option{--enable-auto-import} switch to the GNU linker. As with @option{--enable-auto-import} switch to the GNU linker. As with
functions, using the attribute for a variable eliminates a thunk in functions, using the attribute for a variable eliminates a thunk in
the DLL. the DLL@.
One drawback to using this attribute is that a pointer to a function One drawback to using this attribute is that a pointer to a function
or variable marked as @code{dllimport} cannot be used as a constant or variable marked as @code{dllimport} cannot be used as a constant
@ -1711,17 +1711,17 @@ to call and return from a function.
On 68HC11 the compiler will generate a sequence of instructions On 68HC11 the compiler will generate a sequence of instructions
to invoke a board-specific routine to switch the memory bank and call the to invoke a board-specific routine to switch the memory bank and call the
real function. The board-specific routine simulates a @code{call}. real function. The board-specific routine simulates a @code{call}.
At the end of a function, it will jump to a board-specific routine At the end of a function, it will jump to a board-specific routine
instead of using @code{rts}. The board-specific return routine simulates instead of using @code{rts}. The board-specific return routine simulates
the @code{rtc}. the @code{rtc}.
@item fastcall @item fastcall
@cindex functions that pop the argument stack on the 386 @cindex functions that pop the argument stack on the 386
On the Intel 386, the @code{fastcall} attribute causes the compiler to On the Intel 386, the @code{fastcall} attribute causes the compiler to
pass the first two arguments in the registers ECX and EDX. Subsequent pass the first two arguments in the registers ECX and EDX@. Subsequent
arguments are passed on the stack. The called function will pop the arguments are passed on the stack. The called function will pop the
arguments off the stack. If the number of arguments is variable all arguments off the stack. If the number of arguments is variable all
arguments are pushed on the stack. arguments are pushed on the stack.
@item format (@var{archetype}, @var{string-index}, @var{first-to-check}) @item format (@var{archetype}, @var{string-index}, @var{first-to-check})
@ -2214,7 +2214,7 @@ See the ELF gABI for complete details, but the short story is:
@c keep this list of visibilities in alphabetical order. @c keep this list of visibilities in alphabetical order.
@item default @item default
Default visibility is the normal case for ELF. This value is Default visibility is the normal case for ELF@. This value is
available for the visibility attribute to override other options available for the visibility attribute to override other options
that may change the assumed visibility of symbols. that may change the assumed visibility of symbols.
@ -2374,10 +2374,10 @@ feature is intended for code generated by programs which contains labels
that may be unused but which is compiled with @option{-Wall}. It would that may be unused but which is compiled with @option{-Wall}. It would
not normally be appropriate to use in it human-written code, though it not normally be appropriate to use in it human-written code, though it
could be useful in cases where the code that jumps to the label is could be useful in cases where the code that jumps to the label is
contained within an @code{#ifdef} conditional. GNU C++ does not permit contained within an @code{#ifdef} conditional. GNU C++ does not permit
such placement of attribute lists, as it is permissible for a such placement of attribute lists, as it is permissible for a
declaration, which could begin with an attribute list, to be labelled in declaration, which could begin with an attribute list, to be labelled in
C++. Declarations cannot be labelled in C90 or C99, so the ambiguity C++. Declarations cannot be labelled in C90 or C99, so the ambiguity
does not arise there. does not arise there.
An attribute specifier list may appear as part of a @code{struct}, An attribute specifier list may appear as part of a @code{struct},
@ -2976,7 +2976,7 @@ The @code{dllexport} attribute is described in @xref{Function Attributes}.
@subsection M32R/D Variable Attributes @subsection M32R/D Variable Attributes
One attribute is currently defined for the M32R/D. One attribute is currently defined for the M32R/D@.
@table @code @table @code
@item model (@var{model-name}) @item model (@var{model-name})
@ -3147,7 +3147,7 @@ alignment. See your linker documentation for further information.
@item packed @item packed
This attribute, attached to @code{struct} or @code{union} type This attribute, attached to @code{struct} or @code{union} type
definition, specifies that each member of the structure or union is definition, specifies that each member of the structure or union is
placed to minimize the memory required. When attached to an @code{enum} placed to minimize the memory required. When attached to an @code{enum}
definition, it indicates that the smallest integral type should be used. definition, it indicates that the smallest integral type should be used.
@opindex fshort-enums @opindex fshort-enums
@ -3312,7 +3312,7 @@ above in recent GCC versions.
On those ARM targets that support @code{dllimport} (such as Symbian On those ARM targets that support @code{dllimport} (such as Symbian
OS), you can use the @code{notshared} attribute to indicate that the OS), you can use the @code{notshared} attribute to indicate that the
virtual table and other similar data for a class should not be virtual table and other similar data for a class should not be
exported from a DLL. For example: exported from a DLL@. For example:
@smallexample @smallexample
class __declspec(notshared) C @{ class __declspec(notshared) C @{
@ -3502,7 +3502,7 @@ template from the first output operand and another separates the last
output operand from the first input, if any. Commas separate the output operand from the first input, if any. Commas separate the
operands within each group. The total number of operands is currently operands within each group. The total number of operands is currently
limited to 30; this limitation may be lifted in some future version of limited to 30; this limitation may be lifted in some future version of
GCC. GCC@.
If there are no output operands but there are input operands, you must If there are no output operands but there are input operands, you must
place two consecutive colons surrounding the place where the output place two consecutive colons surrounding the place where the output
@ -4344,7 +4344,7 @@ This function returns the return address of the current function, or of
one of its callers. The @var{level} argument is number of frames to one of its callers. The @var{level} argument is number of frames to
scan up the call stack. A value of @code{0} yields the return address scan up the call stack. A value of @code{0} yields the return address
of the current function, a value of @code{1} yields the return address of the current function, a value of @code{1} yields the return address
of the caller of the current function, and so forth. When inlining of the caller of the current function, and so forth. When inlining
the expected behavior is that the function will return the address of the expected behavior is that the function will return the address of
the function that will be returned to. To work around this behavior use the function that will be returned to. To work around this behavior use
the @code{noinline} function attribute. the @code{noinline} function attribute.
@ -4354,7 +4354,7 @@ The @var{level} argument must be a constant integer.
On some machines it may be impossible to determine the return address of On some machines it may be impossible to determine the return address of
any function other than the current one; in such cases, or when the top any function other than the current one; in such cases, or when the top
of the stack has been reached, this function will return @code{0} or a of the stack has been reached, this function will return @code{0} or a
random value. In addition, @code{__builtin_frame_address} may be used random value. In addition, @code{__builtin_frame_address} may be used
to determine if the top of the stack has been reached. to determine if the top of the stack has been reached.
This function should only be used with a nonzero argument for debugging This function should only be used with a nonzero argument for debugging
@ -4882,7 +4882,7 @@ The remaining functions are provided for optimization purposes.
GCC includes built-in versions of many of the functions in the standard GCC includes built-in versions of many of the functions in the standard
C library. The versions prefixed with @code{__builtin_} will always be C library. The versions prefixed with @code{__builtin_} will always be
treated as having the same meaning as the C library function even if you treated as having the same meaning as the C library function even if you
specify the @option{-fno-builtin} option. (@pxref{C Dialect Options}) specify the @option{-fno-builtin} option. (@pxref{C Dialect Options})
Many of these functions are only optimized in certain cases; if they are Many of these functions are only optimized in certain cases; if they are
not optimized in a particular case, a call to the library function will not optimized in a particular case, a call to the library function will
be emitted. be emitted.
@ -5053,7 +5053,7 @@ depending on the arguments' types. For example:
@}) @})
@end smallexample @end smallexample
@emph{Note:} This construct is only available for C. @emph{Note:} This construct is only available for C@.
@end deftypefn @end deftypefn
@ -5093,7 +5093,7 @@ Example:
(void)0)) (void)0))
@end smallexample @end smallexample
@emph{Note:} This construct is only available for C. Furthermore, the @emph{Note:} This construct is only available for C@. Furthermore, the
unused expression (@var{exp1} or @var{exp2} depending on the value of unused expression (@var{exp1} or @var{exp2} depending on the value of
@var{const_exp}) may still generate syntax errors. This may change in @var{const_exp}) may still generate syntax errors. This may change in
future revisions. future revisions.
@ -5266,7 +5266,7 @@ leading @samp{0} or @samp{0x} prefixes. The number parsed is placed
in the significand such that the least significant bit of the number in the significand such that the least significant bit of the number
is at the least significant bit of the significand. The number is is at the least significant bit of the significand. The number is
truncated to fit the significand field provided. The significand is truncated to fit the significand field provided. The significand is
forced to be a quiet NaN. forced to be a quiet NaN@.
This function, if given a string literal, is evaluated early enough This function, if given a string literal, is evaluated early enough
that it is considered a compile-time constant. that it is considered a compile-time constant.
@ -5282,7 +5282,7 @@ Similar to @code{__builtin_nan}, except the return type is @code{long double}.
@deftypefn {Built-in Function} double __builtin_nans (const char *str) @deftypefn {Built-in Function} double __builtin_nans (const char *str)
Similar to @code{__builtin_nan}, except the significand is forced Similar to @code{__builtin_nan}, except the significand is forced
to be a signaling NaN. The @code{nans} function is proposed by to be a signaling NaN@. The @code{nans} function is proposed by
@uref{http://www.open-std.org/jtc1/sc22/wg14/www/docs/n965.htm,,WG14 N965}. @uref{http://www.open-std.org/jtc1/sc22/wg14/www/docs/n965.htm,,WG14 N965}.
@end deftypefn @end deftypefn
@ -5314,7 +5314,7 @@ Returns the number of 1-bits in @var{x}.
@end deftypefn @end deftypefn
@deftypefn {Built-in Function} int __builtin_parity (unsigned int x) @deftypefn {Built-in Function} int __builtin_parity (unsigned int x)
Returns the parity of @var{x}, i.@:e. the number of 1-bits in @var{x} Returns the parity of @var{x}, i.e.@: the number of 1-bits in @var{x}
modulo 2. modulo 2.
@end deftypefn @end deftypefn
@ -8648,7 +8648,7 @@ declarations to have @var{string} prepended to their assembly symbols.
This effect may be terminated with another @code{extern_prefix} pragma This effect may be terminated with another @code{extern_prefix} pragma
whose argument is an empty string. The preprocessor macro whose argument is an empty string. The preprocessor macro
@code{__PRAGMA_EXTERN_PREFIX} will be defined if this pragma is @code{__PRAGMA_EXTERN_PREFIX} will be defined if this pragma is
available (currently only on Tru64 UNIX). available (currently only on Tru64 UNIX)@.
@end table @end table
These pragmas and the asm labels extension interact in a complicated These pragmas and the asm labels extension interact in a complicated

2
gcc/doc/fragments.texi
View File

@ -186,7 +186,7 @@ Variables provided for host fragments to set include:
@itemx X_CPPFLAGS @itemx X_CPPFLAGS
These are extra flags to pass to the C compiler and preprocessor, These are extra flags to pass to the C compiler and preprocessor,
respectively. They are used both when building GCC, and when compiling respectively. They are used both when building GCC, and when compiling
things with the just-built GCC. things with the just-built GCC@.
@item XCFLAGS @item XCFLAGS
These are extra flags to use when building the compiler. They are not These are extra flags to use when building the compiler. They are not

2
gcc/doc/frontends.texi
View File

@ -39,7 +39,7 @@ The part of a compiler that is specific to a particular language is
called the ``front end''. In addition to the front ends that are called the ``front end''. In addition to the front ends that are
integrated components of GCC, there are several other front ends that integrated components of GCC, there are several other front ends that
are maintained separately. These support languages such as Pascal, are maintained separately. These support languages such as Pascal,
Mercury, and COBOL. To use these, they must be built together with Mercury, and COBOL@. To use these, they must be built together with
GCC proper. GCC proper.
@cindex C++ @cindex C++

48
gcc/doc/gcov.texi
View File

@ -149,8 +149,8 @@ and exit without doing any further processing.
@item -a @item -a
@itemx --all-blocks @itemx --all-blocks
Write individual execution counts for every basic block. Normally gcov Write individual execution counts for every basic block. Normally gcov
outputs execution counts only for the main blocks of a line. With this outputs execution counts only for the main blocks of a line. With this
option you can determine if blocks within a single line are not being option you can determine if blocks within a single line are not being
executed. executed.
@ -158,7 +158,7 @@ executed.
@itemx --branch-probabilities @itemx --branch-probabilities
Write branch frequencies to the output file, and write branch summary Write branch frequencies to the output file, and write branch summary
info to the standard output. This option allows you to see how often info to the standard output. This option allows you to see how often
each branch in your program was taken. Unconditional branches will not each branch in your program was taken. Unconditional branches will not
be shown, unless the @option{-u} option is given. be shown, unless the @option{-u} option is given.
@item -c @item -c
@ -177,18 +177,18 @@ header file @file{x.h} contains code, and was included in the file
@file{a.c}, then running @command{gcov} on the file @file{a.c} will produce @file{a.c}, then running @command{gcov} on the file @file{a.c} will produce
an output file called @file{a.c##x.h.gcov} instead of @file{x.h.gcov}. an output file called @file{a.c##x.h.gcov} instead of @file{x.h.gcov}.
This can be useful if @file{x.h} is included in multiple source This can be useful if @file{x.h} is included in multiple source
files. If you uses the @samp{-p} option, both the including and files. If you uses the @samp{-p} option, both the including and
included file names will be complete path names. included file names will be complete path names.
@item -p @item -p
@itemx --preserve-paths @itemx --preserve-paths
Preserve complete path information in the names of generated Preserve complete path information in the names of generated
@file{.gcov} files. Without this option, just the filename component is @file{.gcov} files. Without this option, just the filename component is
used. With this option, all directories are used, with @samp{/} characters used. With this option, all directories are used, with @samp{/} characters
translated to @samp{#} characters, @file{.} directory components translated to @samp{#} characters, @file{.} directory components
removed and @file{..} removed and @file{..}
components renamed to @samp{^}. This is useful if sourcefiles are in several components renamed to @samp{^}. This is useful if sourcefiles are in several
different directories. It also affects the @samp{-l} option. different directories. It also affects the @samp{-l} option.
@item -f @item -f
@itemx --function-summaries @itemx --function-summaries
@ -198,11 +198,11 @@ Output summaries for each function in addition to the file level summary.
@itemx --object-directory @var{directory} @itemx --object-directory @var{directory}
@itemx --object-file @var{file} @itemx --object-file @var{file}
Specify either the directory containing the gcov data files, or the Specify either the directory containing the gcov data files, or the
object path name. The @file{.gcno}, and object path name. The @file{.gcno}, and
@file{.gcda} data files are searched for using this option. If a directory @file{.gcda} data files are searched for using this option. If a directory
is specified, the data files are in that directory and named after the is specified, the data files are in that directory and named after the
source file name, without its extension. If a file is specified here, source file name, without its extension. If a file is specified here,
the data files are named after that file, without its extension. If this the data files are named after that file, without its extension. If this
option is not supplied, it defaults to the current directory. option is not supplied, it defaults to the current directory.
@item -u @item -u
@ -213,31 +213,31 @@ Unconditional branches are normally not interesting.
@end table @end table
@command{gcov} should be run with the current directory the same as that @command{gcov} should be run with the current directory the same as that
when you invoked the compiler. Otherwise it will not be able to locate when you invoked the compiler. Otherwise it will not be able to locate
the source files. @command{gcov} produces files called the source files. @command{gcov} produces files called
@file{@var{mangledname}.gcov} in the current directory. These contain @file{@var{mangledname}.gcov} in the current directory. These contain
the coverage information of the source file they correspond to. the coverage information of the source file they correspond to.
One @file{.gcov} file is produced for each source file containing code, One @file{.gcov} file is produced for each source file containing code,
which was compiled to produce the data files. The @var{mangledname} part which was compiled to produce the data files. The @var{mangledname} part
of the output file name is usually simply the source file name, but can of the output file name is usually simply the source file name, but can
be something more complicated if the @samp{-l} or @samp{-p} options are be something more complicated if the @samp{-l} or @samp{-p} options are
given. Refer to those options for details. given. Refer to those options for details.
The @file{.gcov} files contain the @samp{:} separated fields along with The @file{.gcov} files contain the @samp{:} separated fields along with
program source code. The format is program source code. The format is
@smallexample @smallexample
@var{execution_count}:@var{line_number}:@var{source line text} @var{execution_count}:@var{line_number}:@var{source line text}
@end smallexample @end smallexample
Additional block information may succeed each line, when requested by Additional block information may succeed each line, when requested by
command line option. The @var{execution_count} is @samp{-} for lines command line option. The @var{execution_count} is @samp{-} for lines
containing no code and @samp{#####} for lines which were never containing no code and @samp{#####} for lines which were never
executed. Some lines of information at the start have @var{line_number} executed. Some lines of information at the start have @var{line_number}
of zero. of zero.
When printing percentages, 0% and 100% are only printed when the values When printing percentages, 0% and 100% are only printed when the values
are @emph{exactly} 0% and 100% respectively. Other values which would are @emph{exactly} 0% and 100% respectively. Other values which would
conventionally be rounded to 0% or 100% are instead printed as the conventionally be rounded to 0% or 100% are instead printed as the
nearest non-boundary value. nearest non-boundary value.
@ -332,11 +332,11 @@ function main called 1 returned 1 blocks executed 75%
@end smallexample @end smallexample
In this mode, each basic block is only shown on one line -- the last In this mode, each basic block is only shown on one line -- the last
line of the block. A multi-line block will only contribute to the line of the block. A multi-line block will only contribute to the
execution count of that last line, and other lines will not be shown execution count of that last line, and other lines will not be shown
to contain code, unless previous blocks end on those lines. to contain code, unless previous blocks end on those lines.
The total execution count of a line is shown and subsequent lines show The total execution count of a line is shown and subsequent lines show
the execution counts for individual blocks that end on that line. After each the execution counts for individual blocks that end on that line. After each
block, the branch and call counts of the block will be shown, if the block, the branch and call counts of the block will be shown, if the
@option{-b} option is given. @option{-b} option is given.
@ -505,7 +505,7 @@ blocks.
The @file{.gcda} file is generated when a program containing object files The @file{.gcda} file is generated when a program containing object files
built with the GCC @option{-fprofile-arcs} option is executed. A built with the GCC @option{-fprofile-arcs} option is executed. A
separate @file{.gcda} file is created for each object file compiled with separate @file{.gcda} file is created for each object file compiled with
this option. It contains arc transition counts, and some summary this option. It contains arc transition counts, and some summary
information. information.
The full details of the file format is specified in @file{gcov-io.h}, The full details of the file format is specified in @file{gcov-io.h},

4
gcc/doc/hostconfig.texi
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@ -73,7 +73,7 @@ and such a PCH file won't work.
@deftypefn {Host Hook} size_t HOST_HOOKS_GT_PCH_ALLOC_GRANULARITY (void); @deftypefn {Host Hook} size_t HOST_HOOKS_GT_PCH_ALLOC_GRANULARITY (void);
This host hook returns the alignment required for allocating virtual This host hook returns the alignment required for allocating virtual
memory. Usually this is the same as getpagesize, but on some hosts the memory. Usually this is the same as getpagesize, but on some hosts the
alignment for reserving memory differs from the pagesize for committing alignment for reserving memory differs from the pagesize for committing
memory. memory.
@end deftypefn @end deftypefn
@ -159,7 +159,7 @@ define this macro if using the default will create an invalid file name.
Define this macro to be a C statement (sans semicolon) that performs Define this macro to be a C statement (sans semicolon) that performs
host-dependent removal of ordinary temp files in the compilation driver. host-dependent removal of ordinary temp files in the compilation driver.
If you do not define this macro, GCC will use the default version. You If you do not define this macro, GCC will use the default version. You
should define this macro if the default version does not reliably remove should define this macro if the default version does not reliably remove
the temp file as, for example, on VMS which allows multiple versions the temp file as, for example, on VMS which allows multiple versions
of a file. of a file.

2
gcc/doc/implement-c.texi
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@ -49,7 +49,7 @@ a freestanding environment); refer to their documentation for details.
@item @item
@cite{How a diagnostic is identified (C90 3.7, C99 3.10, C90 and C99 5.1.1.3).} @cite{How a diagnostic is identified (C90 3.7, C99 3.10, C90 and C99 5.1.1.3).}
Diagnostics consist of all the output sent to stderr by GCC. Diagnostics consist of all the output sent to stderr by GCC@.
@item @item
@cite{Whether each nonempty sequence of white-space characters other than @cite{Whether each nonempty sequence of white-space characters other than

132
gcc/doc/install.texi
View File

@ -261,7 +261,7 @@ environment to your ``good'' shell prior to running
@command{configure}/@command{make}. @command{configure}/@command{make}.
@command{zsh} is not a fully compliant POSIX shell and will not @command{zsh} is not a fully compliant POSIX shell and will not
work when configuring GCC. work when configuring GCC@.
@item GNU binutils @item GNU binutils
@ -277,7 +277,7 @@ obtained via FTP mirror sites.
@item GNU make version 3.79.1 (or later) @item GNU make version 3.79.1 (or later)
You must have GNU make installed to build GCC. You must have GNU make installed to build GCC@.
@item GNU tar version 1.12 (or later) @item GNU tar version 1.12 (or later)
@ -287,7 +287,7 @@ systems' @command{tar} programs will also work, only try GNU
@item GNU Multiple Precision Library (GMP) version 4.0 (or later) @item GNU Multiple Precision Library (GMP) version 4.0 (or later)
Necessary to build the Fortran frontend. If you don't have it Necessary to build the Fortran frontend. If you don't have it
installed in your library search path, you will have to configure with installed in your library search path, you will have to configure with
the @option{--with-gmp} or @option{--with-gmp-dir} configure option. the @option{--with-gmp} or @option{--with-gmp-dir} configure option.
@ -391,7 +391,7 @@ Necessary for running @command{texi2dvi}, used when running
@itemx ssh (any version) @itemx ssh (any version)
Necessary to access the CVS repository. Public releases and weekly Necessary to access the CVS repository. Public releases and weekly
snapshots of the development sources are also available via FTP. snapshots of the development sources are also available via FTP@.
@item perl version 5.6.1 (or later) @item perl version 5.6.1 (or later)
@ -635,22 +635,22 @@ the installation directory for G++ header files. The default is
@item --program-prefix=@var{prefix} @item --program-prefix=@var{prefix}
GCC supports some transformations of the names of its programs when GCC supports some transformations of the names of its programs when
installing them. This option prepends @var{prefix} to the names of installing them. This option prepends @var{prefix} to the names of
programs to install in @var{bindir} (see above). For example, specifying programs to install in @var{bindir} (see above). For example, specifying
@option{--program-prefix=foo-} would result in @samp{gcc} @option{--program-prefix=foo-} would result in @samp{gcc}
being installed as @file{/usr/local/bin/foo-gcc}. being installed as @file{/usr/local/bin/foo-gcc}.
@item --program-suffix=@var{suffix} @item --program-suffix=@var{suffix}
Appends @var{suffix} to the names of programs to install in @var{bindir} Appends @var{suffix} to the names of programs to install in @var{bindir}
(see above). For example, specifying @option{--program-suffix=-3.1} (see above). For example, specifying @option{--program-suffix=-3.1}
would result in @samp{gcc} being installed as would result in @samp{gcc} being installed as
@file{/usr/local/bin/gcc-3.1}. @file{/usr/local/bin/gcc-3.1}.
@item --program-transform-name=@var{pattern} @item --program-transform-name=@var{pattern}
Applies the @samp{sed} script @var{pattern} to be applied to the names Applies the @samp{sed} script @var{pattern} to be applied to the names
of programs to install in @var{bindir} (see above). @var{pattern} has to of programs to install in @var{bindir} (see above). @var{pattern} has to
consist of one or more basic @samp{sed} editing commands, separated by consist of one or more basic @samp{sed} editing commands, separated by
semicolons. For example, if you want the @samp{gcc} program name to be semicolons. For example, if you want the @samp{gcc} program name to be
transformed to the installed program @file{/usr/local/bin/myowngcc} and transformed to the installed program @file{/usr/local/bin/myowngcc} and
the @samp{g++} program name to be transformed to the @samp{g++} program name to be transformed to
@file{/usr/local/bin/gspecial++} without changing other program names, @file{/usr/local/bin/gspecial++} without changing other program names,
@ -659,7 +659,7 @@ you could use the pattern
to achieve this effect. to achieve this effect.
All three options can be combined and used together, resulting in more All three options can be combined and used together, resulting in more
complex conversion patterns. As a basic rule, @var{prefix} (and complex conversion patterns. As a basic rule, @var{prefix} (and
@var{suffix}) are prepended (appended) before further transformations @var{suffix}) are prepended (appended) before further transformations
can happen with a special transformation script @var{pattern}. can happen with a special transformation script @var{pattern}.
@ -669,7 +669,7 @@ transformation is explicitly asked for by one of these options.
For native builds, some of the installed programs are also installed For native builds, some of the installed programs are also installed
with the target alias in front of their name, as in with the target alias in front of their name, as in
@samp{i686-pc-linux-gnu-gcc}. All of the above transformations happen @samp{i686-pc-linux-gnu-gcc}. All of the above transformations happen
before the target alias is prepended to the name---so, specifying before the target alias is prepended to the name---so, specifying
@option{--program-prefix=foo-} and @option{program-suffix=-3.1}, the @option{--program-prefix=foo-} and @option{program-suffix=-3.1}, the
resulting binary would be installed as resulting binary would be installed as
@ -809,7 +809,7 @@ directory, where @var{libexec} defaults to
@file{@var{exec-prefix}/libexec} and @var{exec-prefix} defaults to @file{@var{exec-prefix}/libexec} and @var{exec-prefix} defaults to
@var{prefix} which defaults to @file{/usr/local} unless overridden by @var{prefix} which defaults to @file{/usr/local} unless overridden by
the @option{--prefix=@var{pathname}} switch described the @option{--prefix=@var{pathname}} switch described
above. @var{target} is the target system triple, such as above. @var{target} is the target system triple, such as
@samp{sparc-sun-solaris2.7}, and @var{version} denotes the GCC @samp{sparc-sun-solaris2.7}, and @var{version} denotes the GCC
version, such as 3.0. version, such as 3.0.
@item @item
@ -915,7 +915,7 @@ AIX thread support.
DCE thread support. DCE thread support.
@item gnat @item gnat
Ada tasking support. For non-Ada programs, this setting is equivalent Ada tasking support. For non-Ada programs, this setting is equivalent
to @samp{single}. When used in conjunction with the Ada run time, it to @samp{single}. When used in conjunction with the Ada run time, it
causes GCC to use the same thread primitives as Ada uses. This option causes GCC to use the same thread primitives as Ada uses. This option
is necessary when using both Ada and the back end exception handling, is necessary when using both Ada and the back end exception handling,
which is the default for most Ada targets. which is the default for most Ada targets.
@ -981,8 +981,8 @@ PowerPC systems.
Define if you want to use __cxa_atexit, rather than atexit, to Define if you want to use __cxa_atexit, rather than atexit, to
register C++ destructors for local statics and global objects. register C++ destructors for local statics and global objects.
This is essential for fully standards-compliant handling of This is essential for fully standards-compliant handling of
destructors, but requires __cxa_atexit in libc. This option is currently destructors, but requires __cxa_atexit in libc. This option is currently
only available on systems with GNU libc. When enabled, this will cause only available on systems with GNU libc. When enabled, this will cause
@option{-fuse-cxa-exit} to be passed by default. @option{-fuse-cxa-exit} to be passed by default.
@item --enable-target-optspace @item --enable-target-optspace
@ -1036,7 +1036,7 @@ addition, @samp{libstdc++}'s include files will be installed into
@file{@var{libdir}} unless you overruled it by using @file{@var{libdir}} unless you overruled it by using
@option{--with-gxx-include-dir=@var{dirname}}. Using this option is @option{--with-gxx-include-dir=@var{dirname}}. Using this option is
particularly useful if you intend to use several versions of GCC in particularly useful if you intend to use several versions of GCC in
parallel. This is currently supported by @samp{libgfortran}, parallel. This is currently supported by @samp{libgfortran},
@samp{libjava}, @samp{libmudflap}, @samp{libstdc++}, and @samp{libobjc}. @samp{libjava}, @samp{libmudflap}, @samp{libstdc++}, and @samp{libobjc}.
@ -1078,7 +1078,7 @@ to look up installations paths in the registry using the following key:
@end smallexample @end smallexample
@var{key} defaults to GCC version number, and can be overridden by the @var{key} defaults to GCC version number, and can be overridden by the
@option{--enable-win32-registry=@var{key}} option. Vendors and distributors @option{--enable-win32-registry=@var{key}} option. Vendors and distributors
who use custom installers are encouraged to provide a different key, who use custom installers are encouraged to provide a different key,
perhaps one comprised of vendor name and GCC version number, to perhaps one comprised of vendor name and GCC version number, to
avoid conflict with existing installations. This feature is enabled avoid conflict with existing installations. This feature is enabled
@ -1130,12 +1130,12 @@ errors causing wrong code to be generated.
@item --enable-coverage @item --enable-coverage
@itemx --enable-coverage=@var{level} @itemx --enable-coverage=@var{level}
With this option, the compiler is built to collect self coverage With this option, the compiler is built to collect self coverage
information, every time it is run. This is for internal development information, every time it is run. This is for internal development
purposes, and only works when the compiler is being built with gcc. The purposes, and only works when the compiler is being built with gcc. The
@var{level} argument controls whether the compiler is built optimized or @var{level} argument controls whether the compiler is built optimized or
not, values are @samp{opt} and @samp{noopt}. For coverage analysis you not, values are @samp{opt} and @samp{noopt}. For coverage analysis you
want to disable optimization, for performance analysis you want to want to disable optimization, for performance analysis you want to
enable optimization. When coverage is enabled, the default level is enable optimization. When coverage is enabled, the default level is
without optimization. without optimization.
@item --enable-gather-detailed-mem-stats @item --enable-gather-detailed-mem-stats
@ -1202,7 +1202,7 @@ directory. @emph{This option with the @var{dir} argument is required} when
building a cross compiler, if @file{@var{prefix}/@var{target}/sys-include} building a cross compiler, if @file{@var{prefix}/@var{target}/sys-include}
doesn't pre-exist. If @file{@var{prefix}/@var{target}/sys-include} does doesn't pre-exist. If @file{@var{prefix}/@var{target}/sys-include} does
pre-exist, the @var{dir} argument may be omitted. @command{fixincludes} pre-exist, the @var{dir} argument may be omitted. @command{fixincludes}
will be run on these files to make them compatible with GCC. will be run on these files to make them compatible with GCC@.
@item --without-headers @item --without-headers
Tells GCC not use any target headers from a libc when building a cross Tells GCC not use any target headers from a libc when building a cross
@ -1272,19 +1272,19 @@ The following options apply to building @samp{libgcj}.
Don't set system properties from @env{GCJ_PROPERTIES}. Don't set system properties from @env{GCJ_PROPERTIES}.
@item --enable-hash-synchronization @item --enable-hash-synchronization
Use a global hash table for monitor locks. Ordinarily, Use a global hash table for monitor locks. Ordinarily,
@samp{libgcj}'s @samp{configure} script automatically makes @samp{libgcj}'s @samp{configure} script automatically makes
the correct choice for this option for your platform. Only use the correct choice for this option for your platform. Only use
this if you know you need the library to be configured differently. this if you know you need the library to be configured differently.
@item --enable-interpreter @item --enable-interpreter
Enable the Java interpreter. The interpreter is automatically Enable the Java interpreter. The interpreter is automatically
enabled by default on all platforms that support it. This option enabled by default on all platforms that support it. This option
is really only useful if you want to disable the interpreter is really only useful if you want to disable the interpreter
(using @option{--disable-interpreter}). (using @option{--disable-interpreter}).
@item --disable-java-net @item --disable-java-net
Disable java.net. This disables the native part of java.net only, Disable java.net. This disables the native part of java.net only,
using non-functional stubs for native method implementations. using non-functional stubs for native method implementations.
@item --disable-jvmpi @item --disable-jvmpi
@ -1294,7 +1294,7 @@ Disable JVMPI support.
Enable runtime eCos target support. Enable runtime eCos target support.
@item --without-libffi @item --without-libffi
Don't use @samp{libffi}. This will disable the interpreter and JNI Don't use @samp{libffi}. This will disable the interpreter and JNI
support as well, as these require @samp{libffi} to work. support as well, as these require @samp{libffi} to work.
@item --enable-libgcj-debug @item --enable-libgcj-debug
@ -1303,8 +1303,8 @@ Enable runtime debugging code.
@item --enable-libgcj-multifile @item --enable-libgcj-multifile
If specified, causes all @file{.java} source files to be If specified, causes all @file{.java} source files to be
compiled into @file{.class} files in one invocation of compiled into @file{.class} files in one invocation of
@samp{gcj}. This can speed up build time, but is more @samp{gcj}. This can speed up build time, but is more
resource-intensive. If this option is unspecified or resource-intensive. If this option is unspecified or
disabled, @samp{gcj} is invoked once for each @file{.java} disabled, @samp{gcj} is invoked once for each @file{.java}
file to compile into a @file{.class} file. file to compile into a @file{.class} file.
@ -1312,8 +1312,8 @@ file to compile into a @file{.class} file.
Search for libiconv in @file{DIR/include} and @file{DIR/lib}. Search for libiconv in @file{DIR/include} and @file{DIR/lib}.
@item --enable-sjlj-exceptions @item --enable-sjlj-exceptions
Force use of @code{builtin_setjmp} for exceptions. @samp{configure} Force use of @code{builtin_setjmp} for exceptions. @samp{configure}
ordinarily picks the correct value based on the platform. Only use ordinarily picks the correct value based on the platform. Only use
this option if you are sure you need a different setting. this option if you are sure you need a different setting.
@item --with-system-zlib @item --with-system-zlib
@ -1321,25 +1321,25 @@ Use installed @samp{zlib} rather than that included with GCC@.
@item --with-win32-nlsapi=ansi, unicows or unicode @item --with-win32-nlsapi=ansi, unicows or unicode
Indicates how MinGW @samp{libgcj} translates between UNICODE Indicates how MinGW @samp{libgcj} translates between UNICODE
characters and the Win32 API. characters and the Win32 API@.
@table @code @table @code
@item ansi @item ansi
Use the single-byte @code{char} and the Win32 A functions natively, Use the single-byte @code{char} and the Win32 A functions natively,
translating to and from UNICODE when using these functions. If translating to and from UNICODE when using these functions. If
unspecified, this is the default. unspecified, this is the default.
@item unicows @item unicows
Use the @code{WCHAR} and Win32 W functions natively. Adds Use the @code{WCHAR} and Win32 W functions natively. Adds
@code{-lunicows} to @file{libgcj.spec} to link with @samp{libunicows}. @code{-lunicows} to @file{libgcj.spec} to link with @samp{libunicows}.
@file{unicows.dll} needs to be deployed on Microsoft Windows 9X machines @file{unicows.dll} needs to be deployed on Microsoft Windows 9X machines
running built executables. @file{libunicows.a}, an open-source running built executables. @file{libunicows.a}, an open-source
import library around Microsoft's @code{unicows.dll}, is obtained from import library around Microsoft's @code{unicows.dll}, is obtained from
@uref{http://libunicows.sourceforge.net/}, which also gives details @uref{http://libunicows.sourceforge.net/}, which also gives details
on getting @file{unicows.dll} from Microsoft. on getting @file{unicows.dll} from Microsoft.
@item unicode @item unicode
Use the @code{WCHAR} and Win32 W functions natively. Does @emph{not} Use the @code{WCHAR} and Win32 W functions natively. Does @emph{not}
add @code{-lunicows} to @file{libgcj.spec}. The built executables will add @code{-lunicows} to @file{libgcj.spec}. The built executables will
only run on Microsoft Windows NT and above. only run on Microsoft Windows NT and above.
@end table @end table
@end table @end table
@ -1352,16 +1352,16 @@ Use the X Window System.
@item --enable-java-awt=PEER(S) @item --enable-java-awt=PEER(S)
Specifies the AWT peer library or libraries to build alongside Specifies the AWT peer library or libraries to build alongside
@samp{libgcj}. If this option is unspecified or disabled, AWT @samp{libgcj}. If this option is unspecified or disabled, AWT
will be non-functional. Current valid values are @option{gtk} and will be non-functional. Current valid values are @option{gtk} and
@option{xlib}. Multiple libraries should be separated by a @option{xlib}. Multiple libraries should be separated by a
comma (i.e.@: @option{--enable-java-awt=gtk,xlib}). comma (i.e.@: @option{--enable-java-awt=gtk,xlib}).
@item --enable-gtk-cairo @item --enable-gtk-cairo
Build the cairo Graphics2D implementation on GTK. Build the cairo Graphics2D implementation on GTK@.
@item --enable-java-gc=TYPE @item --enable-java-gc=TYPE
Choose garbage collector. Defaults to @option{boehm} if unspecified. Choose garbage collector. Defaults to @option{boehm} if unspecified.
@item --disable-gtktest @item --disable-gtktest
Do not try to compile and run a test GTK+ program. Do not try to compile and run a test GTK+ program.
@ -1672,7 +1672,7 @@ at @uref{http://gcc.gnu.org/buildstat.html}, although not everyone who
reports a successful build runs the testsuites and submits the results. reports a successful build runs the testsuites and submits the results.
This step is optional and may require you to download additional software, This step is optional and may require you to download additional software,
but it can give you confidence in your new GCC installation or point out but it can give you confidence in your new GCC installation or point out
problems before you install and start using your new GCC. problems before you install and start using your new GCC@.
First, you must have @uref{download.html,,downloaded the testsuites}. First, you must have @uref{download.html,,downloaded the testsuites}.
These are part of the full distribution, but if you downloaded the These are part of the full distribution, but if you downloaded the
@ -1948,7 +1948,7 @@ quickly review the build status page for your release, available from
If your system is not listed for the version of GCC that you built, If your system is not listed for the version of GCC that you built,
send a note to send a note to
@email{gcc@@gcc.gnu.org} indicating @email{gcc@@gcc.gnu.org} indicating
that you successfully built and installed GCC. that you successfully built and installed GCC@.
Include the following information: Include the following information:
@itemize @bullet @itemize @bullet
@ -2567,7 +2567,7 @@ and includes all the necessary compilation tools and libraries.
@heading @anchor{*-*-freebsd*}*-*-freebsd* @heading @anchor{*-*-freebsd*}*-*-freebsd*
The version of binutils installed in @file{/usr/bin} probably works with The version of binutils installed in @file{/usr/bin} probably works with
this release of GCC. However, on FreeBSD 4, bootstrapping against the this release of GCC@. However, on FreeBSD 4, bootstrapping against the
latest FSF binutils is known to improve overall testsuite results; and, latest FSF binutils is known to improve overall testsuite results; and,
on FreeBSD/alpha, using binutils 2.14 or later is required to build libjava. on FreeBSD/alpha, using binutils 2.14 or later is required to build libjava.
@ -2587,7 +2587,7 @@ FreeBSD/alpha since its inception. You may use @option{-gstabs} instead
of @option{-g}, if you really want the old debugging format. There are of @option{-g}, if you really want the old debugging format. There are
no known issues with mixing object files and libraries with different no known issues with mixing object files and libraries with different
debugging formats. Otherwise, this release of GCC should now match more debugging formats. Otherwise, this release of GCC should now match more
of the configuration used in the stock FreeBSD configuration of GCC. In of the configuration used in the stock FreeBSD configuration of GCC@. In
particular, @option{--enable-threads} is now configured by default. particular, @option{--enable-threads} is now configured by default.
However, as a general user, do not attempt to replace the system However, as a general user, do not attempt to replace the system
compiler with this release. Known to bootstrap and check with good compiler with this release. Known to bootstrap and check with good
@ -2633,9 +2633,9 @@ you may encounter a variety of problems when using the HP assembler.
Specifically, @option{-g} does not work on HP-UX (since that system Specifically, @option{-g} does not work on HP-UX (since that system
uses a peculiar debugging format which GCC does not know about), unless uses a peculiar debugging format which GCC does not know about), unless
you use GAS and GDB. It may be helpful to configure GCC with the you use GAS and GDB@. It may be helpful to configure GCC with the
@uref{./configure.html#with-gnu-as,,@option{--with-gnu-as}} and @uref{./configure.html#with-gnu-as,,@option{--with-gnu-as}} and
@option{--with-as=@dots{}} options to ensure that GCC can find GAS. @option{--with-as=@dots{}} options to ensure that GCC can find GAS@.
If you wish to use the pa-risc 2.0 architecture support with a 32-bit If you wish to use the pa-risc 2.0 architecture support with a 32-bit
runtime, you must use either the HP assembler, or gas/binutils 2.11 runtime, you must use either the HP assembler, or gas/binutils 2.11
@ -2711,8 +2711,8 @@ GCC 3.0 and up support HP-UX 11. GCC 2.95.x is not supported and cannot
be used to compile GCC 3.0 and up. be used to compile GCC 3.0 and up.
Refer to @uref{binaries.html,,binaries} for information about obtaining Refer to @uref{binaries.html,,binaries} for information about obtaining
precompiled GCC binaries for HP-UX. Precompiled binaries must be obtained precompiled GCC binaries for HP-UX@. Precompiled binaries must be obtained
to build the Ada language as it can't be bootstrapped using C. Ada is to build the Ada language as it can't be bootstrapped using C@. Ada is
only available for the 32-bit PA-RISC runtime. The libffi and libjava only available for the 32-bit PA-RISC runtime. The libffi and libjava
haven't been ported to HP-UX and don't build. haven't been ported to HP-UX and don't build.
@ -2731,7 +2731,7 @@ unbundled compiler, or a binary distribution of GCC@.
There are several possible approaches to building the distribution. There are several possible approaches to building the distribution.
Binutils can be built first using the HP tools. Then, the GCC Binutils can be built first using the HP tools. Then, the GCC
distribution can be built. The second approach is to build GCC distribution can be built. The second approach is to build GCC
first using the HP tools, then build binutils, then rebuild GCC. first using the HP tools, then build binutils, then rebuild GCC@.
There have been problems with various binary distributions, so it There have been problems with various binary distributions, so it
is best not to start from a binary distribution. is best not to start from a binary distribution.
@ -2767,7 +2767,7 @@ search for ld. The two linkers supported on this target require different
commands. The default linker is determined during configuration. As a commands. The default linker is determined during configuration. As a
result, it's not possible to switch linkers in the middle of a GCC build. result, it's not possible to switch linkers in the middle of a GCC build.
This has been been reported to sometimes occur in unified builds of This has been been reported to sometimes occur in unified builds of
binutils and GCC. binutils and GCC@.
GCC 3.0 through 3.2 require binutils 2.11 or above. GCC 3.3 through GCC 3.0 through 3.2 require binutils 2.11 or above. GCC 3.3 through
GCC 3.5 require binutils 2.14 or later. GCC 3.5 require binutils 2.14 or later.
@ -2966,13 +2966,13 @@ more major ABI changes are expected.
<hr /> <hr />
@end html @end html
@heading @anchor{ia64-*-hpux*}ia64-*-hpux* @heading @anchor{ia64-*-hpux*}ia64-*-hpux*
Building GCC on this target requires the GNU Assembler. The bundled HP Building GCC on this target requires the GNU Assembler. The bundled HP
assembler will not work. To prevent GCC from using the wrong assembler, assembler will not work. To prevent GCC from using the wrong assembler,
the option @option{--with-gnu-as} may be necessary. the option @option{--with-gnu-as} may be necessary.
The GCC libunwind library has not been ported to HPUX. This means that for The GCC libunwind library has not been ported to HPUX@. This means that for
GCC versions 3.2.3 and earlier, @option{--enable-libunwind-exceptions} GCC versions 3.2.3 and earlier, @option{--enable-libunwind-exceptions}
is required to build GCC. For GCC 3.3 and later, this is the default. is required to build GCC@. For GCC 3.3 and later, this is the default.
For gcc 3.4.3 and later, @option{--enable-libunwind-exceptions} is For gcc 3.4.3 and later, @option{--enable-libunwind-exceptions} is
removed and the system libunwind library will always be used. removed and the system libunwind library will always be used.
@ -3010,10 +3010,10 @@ If this error occurs during stage2 or later, then the problem most likely
is the version of Make (see above). is the version of Make (see above).
The native @command{as} and @command{ld} are recommended for bootstrapping The native @command{as} and @command{ld} are recommended for bootstrapping
on AIX 4 and required for bootstrapping on AIX 5L. The GNU Assembler on AIX 4 and required for bootstrapping on AIX 5L@. The GNU Assembler
reports that it supports WEAK symbols on AIX 4, which causes GCC to try to reports that it supports WEAK symbols on AIX 4, which causes GCC to try to
utilize weak symbol functionality although it is not supported. The GNU utilize weak symbol functionality although it is not supported. The GNU
Assembler and Linker do not support AIX 5L sufficiently to bootstrap GCC. Assembler and Linker do not support AIX 5L sufficiently to bootstrap GCC@.
The native AIX tools do interoperate with GCC@. The native AIX tools do interoperate with GCC@.
Building @file{libstdc++.a} requires a fix for an AIX Assembler bug Building @file{libstdc++.a} requires a fix for an AIX Assembler bug
@ -3218,9 +3218,9 @@ MIPS systems check for division by zero (unless
generating either a conditional trap or a break instruction. Using generating either a conditional trap or a break instruction. Using
trap results in smaller code, but is only supported on MIPS II and trap results in smaller code, but is only supported on MIPS II and
later. Also, some versions of the Linux kernel have a bug that later. Also, some versions of the Linux kernel have a bug that
prevents trap from generating the proper signal (SIGFPE). To enable prevents trap from generating the proper signal (@code{SIGFPE}). To enable
the use of break, use the @option{--with-divide=breaks} the use of break, use the @option{--with-divide=breaks}
@command{configure} option when configuring GCC. The default is to @command{configure} option when configuring GCC@. The default is to
use traps on systems that support them. use traps on systems that support them.
Cross-compilers for the Mips as target using the Mips assembler Cross-compilers for the Mips as target using the Mips assembler
@ -3436,7 +3436,7 @@ zSeries system (64-bit) running GNU/Linux for zSeries@.
<hr /> <hr />
@end html @end html
@heading @anchor{s390x-ibm-tpf*}s390x-ibm-tpf* @heading @anchor{s390x-ibm-tpf*}s390x-ibm-tpf*
zSeries system (64-bit) running TPF. This platform is zSeries system (64-bit) running TPF@. This platform is
supported as cross-compilation target only. supported as cross-compilation target only.
@html @html
@ -3632,7 +3632,7 @@ the Solaris 7 Recommended Patch Cluster.
GCC 3.3 triggers a bug in version 5.0 Alpha 03/27/98 of the Sun assembler, GCC 3.3 triggers a bug in version 5.0 Alpha 03/27/98 of the Sun assembler,
which causes a bootstrap failure when linking the 64-bit shared version of which causes a bootstrap failure when linking the 64-bit shared version of
libgcc. A typical error message is: libgcc. A typical error message is:
@smallexample @smallexample
ld: fatal: relocation error: R_SPARC_32: file libgcc/sparcv9/_muldi3.o: ld: fatal: relocation error: R_SPARC_32: file libgcc/sparcv9/_muldi3.o:
@ -3719,7 +3719,7 @@ in some cases (for example, when @code{alloca} is used).
@end html @end html
@heading @anchor{*-*-vxworks*}*-*-vxworks* @heading @anchor{*-*-vxworks*}*-*-vxworks*
Support for VxWorks is in flux. At present GCC supports @emph{only} the Support for VxWorks is in flux. At present GCC supports @emph{only} the
very recent VxWorks 5.5 (aka Tornado 2.2) release, and only on PowerPC. very recent VxWorks 5.5 (aka Tornado 2.2) release, and only on PowerPC@.
We welcome patches for other architectures supported by VxWorks 5.5. We welcome patches for other architectures supported by VxWorks 5.5.
Support for VxWorks AE would also be welcome; we believe this is merely Support for VxWorks AE would also be welcome; we believe this is merely
a matter of writing an appropriate ``configlette'' (see below). We are a matter of writing an appropriate ``configlette'' (see below). We are
@ -3731,7 +3731,7 @@ VxWorks comes with an older version of GCC installed in
Choose an installation @var{prefix} entirely outside @var{$WIND_BASE}. Choose an installation @var{prefix} entirely outside @var{$WIND_BASE}.
Before running @command{configure}, create the directories @file{@var{prefix}} Before running @command{configure}, create the directories @file{@var{prefix}}
and @file{@var{prefix}/bin}. Link or copy the appropriate assembler, and @file{@var{prefix}/bin}. Link or copy the appropriate assembler,
linker, etc. into @file{@var{prefix}/bin}, and set your @var{PATH} to linker, etc.@: into @file{@var{prefix}/bin}, and set your @var{PATH} to
include that directory while running both @command{configure} and include that directory while running both @command{configure} and
@command{make}. @command{make}.
@ -3755,7 +3755,7 @@ VxWorks will incorporate this module.)
@heading @anchor{x86_64-*-*}x86_64-*-*, amd64-*-* @heading @anchor{x86_64-*-*}x86_64-*-*, amd64-*-*
GCC supports the x86-64 architecture implemented by the AMD64 processor GCC supports the x86-64 architecture implemented by the AMD64 processor
(amd64-*-* is an alias for x86_64-*-*) on GNU/Linux, FreeBSD and NetBSD. (amd64-*-* is an alias for x86_64-*-*) on GNU/Linux, FreeBSD and NetBSD@.
On GNU/Linux the default is a bi-arch compiler which is able to generate On GNU/Linux the default is a bi-arch compiler which is able to generate
both 64-bit x86-64 and 32-bit x86 code (via the @option{-m32} switch). both 64-bit x86-64 and 32-bit x86 code (via the @option{-m32} switch).

190
gcc/doc/invoke.texi
View File

@ -989,7 +989,7 @@ line options for each tool.
@item --version @item --version
@opindex version @opindex version
Display the version number and copyrights of the invoked GCC. Display the version number and copyrights of the invoked GCC@.
@end table @end table
@node Invoking G++ @node Invoking G++
@ -1239,9 +1239,9 @@ options for strict ISO C conformance) implies @option{-trigraphs}.
@opindex no-integrated-cpp @opindex no-integrated-cpp
Performs a compilation in two passes: preprocessing and compiling. This Performs a compilation in two passes: preprocessing and compiling. This
option allows a user supplied "cc1", "cc1plus", or "cc1obj" via the option allows a user supplied "cc1", "cc1plus", or "cc1obj" via the
@option{-B} option. The user supplied compilation step can then add in @option{-B} option. The user supplied compilation step can then add in
an additional preprocessing step after normal preprocessing but before an additional preprocessing step after normal preprocessing but before
compiling. The default is to use the integrated cpp (internal cpp) compiling. The default is to use the integrated cpp (internal cpp)
The semantics of this option will change if "cc1", "cc1plus", and The semantics of this option will change if "cc1", "cc1plus", and
"cc1obj" are merged. "cc1obj" are merged.
@ -1330,7 +1330,7 @@ Here is a list of options that are @emph{only} for compiling C++ programs:
@item -fabi-version=@var{n} @item -fabi-version=@var{n}
@opindex fabi-version @opindex fabi-version
Use version @var{n} of the C++ ABI. Version 2 is the version of the Use version @var{n} of the C++ ABI@. Version 2 is the version of the
C++ ABI that first appeared in G++ 3.4. Version 1 is the version of C++ ABI that first appeared in G++ 3.4. Version 1 is the version of
the C++ ABI that first appeared in G++ 3.2. Version 0 will always be the C++ ABI that first appeared in G++ 3.2. Version 0 will always be
the version that conforms most closely to the C++ ABI specification. the version that conforms most closely to the C++ ABI specification.
@ -1509,13 +1509,13 @@ destructors, but will only work if your C library supports
Causes all inlined methods to be marked with Causes all inlined methods to be marked with
@code{__attribute__ ((visibility ("hidden")))} so that they do not @code{__attribute__ ((visibility ("hidden")))} so that they do not
appear in the export table of a DSO and do not require a PLT indirection appear in the export table of a DSO and do not require a PLT indirection
when used within the DSO. Enabling this option can have a dramatic effect when used within the DSO@. Enabling this option can have a dramatic effect
on load and link times of a DSO as it massively reduces the size of the on load and link times of a DSO as it massively reduces the size of the
dynamic export table when the library makes heavy use of templates. While dynamic export table when the library makes heavy use of templates. While
it can cause bloating through duplication of code within each DSO where it can cause bloating through duplication of code within each DSO where
it is used, often the wastage is less than the considerable space occupied it is used, often the wastage is less than the considerable space occupied
by a long symbol name in the export table which is typical when using by a long symbol name in the export table which is typical when using
templates and namespaces. For even more savings, combine with the templates and namespaces. For even more savings, combine with the
@option{-fvisibility=hidden} switch. @option{-fvisibility=hidden} switch.
@item -fno-weak @item -fno-weak
@ -1547,7 +1547,7 @@ inlined by default.
@item -Wabi @r{(C++ only)} @item -Wabi @r{(C++ only)}
@opindex Wabi @opindex Wabi
Warn when G++ generates code that is probably not compatible with the Warn when G++ generates code that is probably not compatible with the
vendor-neutral C++ ABI. Although an effort has been made to warn about vendor-neutral C++ ABI@. Although an effort has been made to warn about
all such cases, there are probably some cases that are not warned about, all such cases, there are probably some cases that are not warned about,
even though G++ is generating incompatible code. There may also be even though G++ is generating incompatible code. There may also be
cases where warnings are emitted even though the code that is generated cases where warnings are emitted even though the code that is generated
@ -2592,8 +2592,8 @@ the warnings were only enabled by the @option{-Wall} command line option.
@opindex Wstrict-aliasing @opindex Wstrict-aliasing
This option is only active when @option{-fstrict-aliasing} is active. This option is only active when @option{-fstrict-aliasing} is active.
It warns about code which might break the strict aliasing rules that the It warns about code which might break the strict aliasing rules that the
compiler is using for optimization. The warning does not catch all compiler is using for optimization. The warning does not catch all
cases, but does attempt to catch the more common pitfalls. It is cases, but does attempt to catch the more common pitfalls. It is
included in @option{-Wall}. included in @option{-Wall}.
@item -Wstrict-aliasing=2 @item -Wstrict-aliasing=2
@ -3301,12 +3301,12 @@ Add code so that program flow @dfn{arcs} are instrumented. During
execution the program records how many times each branch and call is execution the program records how many times each branch and call is
executed and how many times it is taken or returns. When the compiled executed and how many times it is taken or returns. When the compiled
program exits it saves this data to a file called program exits it saves this data to a file called
@file{@var{auxname}.gcda} for each source file. The data may be used for @file{@var{auxname}.gcda} for each source file. The data may be used for
profile-directed optimizations (@option{-fbranch-probabilities}), or for profile-directed optimizations (@option{-fbranch-probabilities}), or for
test coverage analysis (@option{-ftest-coverage}). Each object file's test coverage analysis (@option{-ftest-coverage}). Each object file's
@var{auxname} is generated from the name of the output file, if @var{auxname} is generated from the name of the output file, if
explicitly specified and it is not the final executable, otherwise it is explicitly specified and it is not the final executable, otherwise it is
the basename of the source file. In both cases any suffix is removed the basename of the source file. In both cases any suffix is removed
(e.g.@: @file{foo.gcda} for input file @file{dir/foo.c}, or (e.g.@: @file{foo.gcda} for input file @file{dir/foo.c}, or
@file{dir/foo.gcda} for output file specified as @option{-o dir/foo.o}). @file{dir/foo.gcda} for output file specified as @option{-o dir/foo.o}).
@ -3314,8 +3314,8 @@ the basename of the source file. In both cases any suffix is removed
@item @item
Compile the source files with @option{-fprofile-arcs} plus optimization Compile the source files with @option{-fprofile-arcs} plus optimization
and code generation options. For test coverage analysis, use the and code generation options. For test coverage analysis, use the
additional @option{-ftest-coverage} option. You do not need to profile additional @option{-ftest-coverage} option. You do not need to profile
every source file in a program. every source file in a program.
@item @item
@ -3324,9 +3324,9 @@ Link your object files with @option{-lgcov} or @option{-fprofile-arcs}
@item @item
Run the program on a representative workload to generate the arc profile Run the program on a representative workload to generate the arc profile
information. This may be repeated any number of times. You can run information. This may be repeated any number of times. You can run
concurrent instances of your program, and provided that the file system concurrent instances of your program, and provided that the file system
supports locking, the data files will be correctly updated. Also supports locking, the data files will be correctly updated. Also
@code{fork} calls are detected and correctly handled (double counting @code{fork} calls are detected and correctly handled (double counting
will not happen). will not happen).
@ -3338,7 +3338,7 @@ Control Optimization}).
@item @item
For test coverage analysis, use @command{gcov} to produce human readable For test coverage analysis, use @command{gcov} to produce human readable
information from the @file{.gcno} and @file{.gcda} files. Refer to the information from the @file{.gcno} and @file{.gcda} files. Refer to the
@command{gcov} documentation for further information. @command{gcov} documentation for further information.
@end itemize @end itemize
@ -3367,10 +3367,10 @@ working on improving it.
@opindex ftest-coverage @opindex ftest-coverage
Produce a notes file that the @command{gcov} code-coverage utility Produce a notes file that the @command{gcov} code-coverage utility
(@pxref{Gcov,, @command{gcov}---a Test Coverage Program}) can use to (@pxref{Gcov,, @command{gcov}---a Test Coverage Program}) can use to
show program coverage. Each source file's note file is called show program coverage. Each source file's note file is called
@file{@var{auxname}.gcno}. Refer to the @option{-fprofile-arcs} option @file{@var{auxname}.gcno}. Refer to the @option{-fprofile-arcs} option
above for a description of @var{auxname} and instructions on how to above for a description of @var{auxname} and instructions on how to
generate test coverage data. Coverage data will match the source files generate test coverage data. Coverage data will match the source files
more closely, if you do not optimize. more closely, if you do not optimize.
@item -d@var{letters} @item -d@var{letters}
@ -3681,7 +3681,7 @@ to the source file name. If the @samp{-@var{options}} form is used,
@opindex fdump-ipa @opindex fdump-ipa
Control the dumping at various stages of inter-procedural analysis Control the dumping at various stages of inter-procedural analysis
language tree to a file. The file name is generated by appending a switch language tree to a file. The file name is generated by appending a switch
specific suffix to the source file name. The following dumps are possible: specific suffix to the source file name. The following dumps are possible:
@table @samp @table @samp
@item all @item all
@ -3700,14 +3700,14 @@ Control the dumping at various stages of processing the intermediate
language tree to a file. The file name is generated by appending a switch language tree to a file. The file name is generated by appending a switch
specific suffix to the source file name. If the @samp{-@var{options}} specific suffix to the source file name. If the @samp{-@var{options}}
form is used, @var{options} is a list of @samp{-} separated options that form is used, @var{options} is a list of @samp{-} separated options that
control the details of the dump. Not all options are applicable to all control the details of the dump. Not all options are applicable to all
dumps, those which are not meaningful will be ignored. The following dumps, those which are not meaningful will be ignored. The following
options are available options are available
@table @samp @table @samp
@item address @item address
Print the address of each node. Usually this is not meaningful as it Print the address of each node. Usually this is not meaningful as it
changes according to the environment and source file. Its primary use changes according to the environment and source file. Its primary use
is for tying up a dump file with a debug environment. is for tying up a dump file with a debug environment.
@item slim @item slim
Inhibit dumping of members of a scope or body of a function merely Inhibit dumping of members of a scope or body of a function merely
@ -3761,7 +3761,7 @@ made by appending @file{.cfg} to the source file name.
Dump the control flow graph of each function to a file in VCG format. The Dump the control flow graph of each function to a file in VCG format. The
file name is made by appending @file{.vcg} to the source file name. Note file name is made by appending @file{.vcg} to the source file name. Note
that if the file contains more than one function, the generated file cannot that if the file contains more than one function, the generated file cannot
be used directly by VCG. You will need to cut and paste each function's be used directly by VCG@. You will need to cut and paste each function's
graph into its own separate file first. graph into its own separate file first.
@item ch @item ch
@ -3781,7 +3781,7 @@ appending @file{.alias} to the source file name.
@item ccp @item ccp
@opindex fdump-tree-ccp @opindex fdump-tree-ccp
Dump each function after CCP. The file name is made by appending Dump each function after CCP@. The file name is made by appending
@file{.ccp} to the source file name. @file{.ccp} to the source file name.
@item pre @item pre
@ -3854,9 +3854,9 @@ Enable all the available tree dumps with the flags provided in this option.
@opindex frandom-string @opindex frandom-string
This option provides a seed that GCC uses when it would otherwise use This option provides a seed that GCC uses when it would otherwise use
random numbers. It is used to generate certain symbol names random numbers. It is used to generate certain symbol names
that have to be different in every compiled file. It is also used to that have to be different in every compiled file. It is also used to
place unique stamps in coverage data files and the object files that place unique stamps in coverage data files and the object files that
produce them. You can use the @option{-frandom-seed} option to produce produce them. You can use the @option{-frandom-seed} option to produce
reproducibly identical object files. reproducibly identical object files.
The @var{string} should be different for every file you compile. The @var{string} should be different for every file you compile.
@ -3905,8 +3905,8 @@ Both numbers are in seconds.
@item -fvar-tracking @item -fvar-tracking
@opindex fvar-tracking @opindex fvar-tracking
Run variable tracking pass. It computes where variables are stored at each Run variable tracking pass. It computes where variables are stored at each
position in code. Better debugging information is then generated position in code. Better debugging information is then generated
(if the debugging information format supports this information). (if the debugging information format supports this information).
It is enabled by default when compiling with optimization (@option{-Os}, It is enabled by default when compiling with optimization (@option{-Os},
@ -4234,7 +4234,7 @@ release to an another.
In C, emit @code{static} functions that are declared @code{inline} In C, emit @code{static} functions that are declared @code{inline}
into the object file, even if the function has been inlined into all into the object file, even if the function has been inlined into all
of its callers. This switch does not affect functions using the of its callers. This switch does not affect functions using the
@code{extern inline} extension in GNU C. In C++, emit any and all @code{extern inline} extension in GNU C@. In C++, emit any and all
inline functions into the object file. inline functions into the object file.
@item -fkeep-static-consts @item -fkeep-static-consts
@ -4438,7 +4438,7 @@ Enabled by default when gcse is enabled.
@item -fgcse-after-reload @item -fgcse-after-reload
@opindex fgcse-after-reload @opindex fgcse-after-reload
When @option{-fgcse-after-reload} is enabled, a redundant load elimination When @option{-fgcse-after-reload} is enabled, a redundant load elimination
pass is performed after reload. The purpose of this pass is to cleanup pass is performed after reload. The purpose of this pass is to cleanup
redundant spilling. redundant spilling.
@item -floop-optimize @item -floop-optimize
@ -4456,7 +4456,7 @@ by separate flags.
@item -fcrossjumping @item -fcrossjumping
@opindex crossjumping @opindex crossjumping
Perform cross-jumping transformation. This transformation unifies equivalent code and save code size. The Perform cross-jumping transformation. This transformation unifies equivalent code and save code size. The
resulting code may or may not perform better than without cross-jumping. resulting code may or may not perform better than without cross-jumping.
Enabled at levels @option{-O2}, @option{-O3}, @option{-Os}. Enabled at levels @option{-O2}, @option{-O3}, @option{-Os}.
@ -4650,7 +4650,7 @@ Perform loop optimizations on trees. This flag is enabled by default
at @option{-O} and higher. at @option{-O} and higher.
@item -ftree-loop-linear @item -ftree-loop-linear
Perform linear loop transformations on tree. This flag can improve cache Perform linear loop transformations on tree. This flag can improve cache
performance and allow further loop optimizations to take place. performance and allow further loop optimizations to take place.
@item -ftree-lim @item -ftree-lim
@ -4699,7 +4699,7 @@ Perform loop vectorization on trees.
@item -ftracer @item -ftracer
@opindex ftracer @opindex ftracer
Perform tail duplication to enlarge superblock size. This transformation Perform tail duplication to enlarge superblock size. This transformation
simplifies the control flow of the function allowing other optimizations to do simplifies the control flow of the function allowing other optimizations to do
better job. better job.
@ -4725,7 +4725,7 @@ long dependency chains, thus improving efficiency of the scheduling passes
(for best results, @option{-fweb} should be used as well). (for best results, @option{-fweb} should be used as well).
Combination of @option{-fweb} and CSE is often sufficient to obtain the Combination of @option{-fweb} and CSE is often sufficient to obtain the
same effect. However in cases the loop body is more complicated than same effect. However in cases the loop body is more complicated than
a single basic block, this is not reliable. It also does not work at all a single basic block, this is not reliable. It also does not work at all
on some of the architectures due to restrictions in the CSE pass. on some of the architectures due to restrictions in the CSE pass.
@ -4797,7 +4797,7 @@ sections.
@item -freorder-functions @item -freorder-functions
@opindex freorder-functions @opindex freorder-functions
Reorder basic blocks in the compiled function in order to reduce number of Reorder basic blocks in the compiled function in order to reduce number of
taken branches and improve code locality. This is implemented by using special taken branches and improve code locality. This is implemented by using special
subsections @code{.text.hot} for most frequently executed functions and subsections @code{.text.hot} for most frequently executed functions and
@code{.text.unlikely} for unlikely executed functions. Reordering is done by @code{.text.unlikely} for unlikely executed functions. Reordering is done by
the linker so object file format must support named sections and linker must the linker so object file format must support named sections and linker must
@ -4948,12 +4948,12 @@ shall be used on the declaration.
@item @item
Static functions now can use non-standard passing conventions that Static functions now can use non-standard passing conventions that
may break @code{asm} statements calling functions directly. Again, may break @code{asm} statements calling functions directly. Again,
attribute @code{used} will prevent this behavior. attribute @code{used} will prevent this behavior.
@end itemize @end itemize
As a temporary workaround, @option{-fno-unit-at-a-time} can be used, As a temporary workaround, @option{-fno-unit-at-a-time} can be used,
but this scheme may not be supported by future releases of GCC. but this scheme may not be supported by future releases of GCC@.
Enabled at levels @option{-O2}, @option{-O3}. Enabled at levels @option{-O2}, @option{-O3}.
@ -5211,7 +5211,7 @@ for testing, so we are interested to hear about miscompilations with
@item -ftracer @item -ftracer
@opindex ftracer @opindex ftracer
Perform tail duplication to enlarge superblock size. This transformation Perform tail duplication to enlarge superblock size. This transformation
simplifies the control flow of the function allowing other optimizations to do simplifies the control flow of the function allowing other optimizations to do
better job. better job.
@ -5531,12 +5531,12 @@ Maximum number of basic blocks on path that cse considers. The default is 10.
@item global-var-threshold @item global-var-threshold
Counts the number of function calls (N) and the number of Counts the number of function calls (@var{n}) and the number of
call-clobbered variables (V). If NxV is larger than this limit, a call-clobbered variables (@var{v}). If @var{n}x@var{v} is larger than this limit, a
single artificial variable will be created to represent all the single artificial variable will be created to represent all the
call-clobbered variables at function call sites. This artificial call-clobbered variables at function call sites. This artificial
variable will then be made to alias every call-clobbered variable. variable will then be made to alias every call-clobbered variable.
(done as int * size_t on the host machine; beware overflow). (done as @code{int * size_t} on the host machine; beware overflow).
@item max-aliased-vops @item max-aliased-vops
@ -5554,8 +5554,8 @@ Tuning this may improve compilation speed; it has no effect on code
generation. generation.
The default is 30% + 70% * (RAM/1GB) with an upper bound of 100% when The default is 30% + 70% * (RAM/1GB) with an upper bound of 100% when
RAM >= 1GB. If @code{getrlimit} is available, the notion of "RAM" is RAM >= 1GB@. If @code{getrlimit} is available, the notion of "RAM" is
the smallest of actual RAM and RLIMIT_DATA or RLIMIT_AS. If the smallest of actual RAM and @code{RLIMIT_DATA} or @code{RLIMIT_AS}. If
GCC is not able to calculate RAM on a particular platform, the lower GCC is not able to calculate RAM on a particular platform, the lower
bound of 30% is used. Setting this parameter and bound of 30% is used. Setting this parameter and
@option{ggc-min-heapsize} to zero causes a full collection to occur at @option{ggc-min-heapsize} to zero causes a full collection to occur at
@ -6671,7 +6671,7 @@ architectures:
@table @gcctabopt @table @gcctabopt
@item -mabi=@var{name} @item -mabi=@var{name}
@opindex mabi @opindex mabi
Generate code for the specified ABI. Permissible values are: @samp{apcs-gnu}, Generate code for the specified ABI@. Permissible values are: @samp{apcs-gnu},
@samp{atpcs}, @samp{aapcs} and @samp{iwmmxt}. @samp{atpcs}, @samp{aapcs} and @samp{iwmmxt}.
@item -mapcs-frame @item -mapcs-frame
@ -7029,9 +7029,9 @@ Change only the low 8 bits of the stack pointer.
@item -mint8 @item -mint8
@opindex mint8 @opindex mint8
Assume int to be 8 bit integer. This affects the sizes of all types: A Assume int to be 8 bit integer. This affects the sizes of all types: A
char will be 1 byte, an int will be 1 byte, an long will be 2 bytes char will be 1 byte, an int will be 1 byte, an long will be 2 bytes
and long long will be 4 bytes. Please note that this option does not and long long will be 4 bytes. Please note that this option does not
comply to the C standards, but it will provide you with smaller code comply to the C standards, but it will provide you with smaller code
size. size.
@end table @end table
@ -7049,7 +7049,7 @@ These options are defined specifically for the CRIS ports.
@opindex mcpu @opindex mcpu
Generate code for the specified architecture. The choices for Generate code for the specified architecture. The choices for
@var{architecture-type} are @samp{v3}, @samp{v8} and @samp{v10} for @var{architecture-type} are @samp{v3}, @samp{v8} and @samp{v10} for
respectively ETRAX@w{ }4, ETRAX@w{ }100, and ETRAX@w{ }100@w{ }LX. respectively ETRAX@w{ }4, ETRAX@w{ }100, and ETRAX@w{ }100@w{ }LX@.
Default is @samp{v0} except for cris-axis-linux-gnu, where the default is Default is @samp{v0} except for cris-axis-linux-gnu, where the default is
@samp{v10}. @samp{v10}.
@ -7147,7 +7147,7 @@ or storage for local variable needs to be allocated.
With @option{-fpic} and @option{-fPIC}, don't generate (do generate) With @option{-fpic} and @option{-fPIC}, don't generate (do generate)
instruction sequences that load addresses for functions from the PLT part instruction sequences that load addresses for functions from the PLT part
of the GOT rather than (traditional on other architectures) calls to the of the GOT rather than (traditional on other architectures) calls to the
PLT. The default is @option{-mgotplt}. PLT@. The default is @option{-mgotplt}.
@item -maout @item -maout
@opindex maout @opindex maout
@ -7241,9 +7241,9 @@ the name of the framework and header.h is found in the
@item -gused @item -gused
@opindex -gused @opindex -gused
Emit debugging information for symbols that are used. For STABS Emit debugging information for symbols that are used. For STABS
debugging format, this enables @option{-feliminate-unused-debug-symbols}. debugging format, this enables @option{-feliminate-unused-debug-symbols}.
This is by default ON. This is by default ON@.
@item -gfull @item -gfull
@opindex -gfull @opindex -gfull
@ -7296,7 +7296,7 @@ See man ld(1) for more information.
@item -bundle_loader @var{executable} @item -bundle_loader @var{executable}
@opindex bundle_loader @opindex bundle_loader
This option specifies the @var{executable} that will be loading the build This option specifies the @var{executable} that will be loading the build
output file being linked. See man ld(1) for more information. output file being linked. See man ld(1) for more information.
@item -dynamiclib @item -dynamiclib
@opindex -dynamiclib @opindex -dynamiclib
@ -7654,7 +7654,7 @@ size of the small data area to 64KB, but allows the variables to be
directly accessed via a single instruction. directly accessed via a single instruction.
The default is @option{-mlarge-data}. With this option the data area The default is @option{-mlarge-data}. With this option the data area
is limited to just below 2GB. Programs that require more than 2GB of is limited to just below 2GB@. Programs that require more than 2GB of
data must use @code{malloc} or @code{mmap} to allocate the data in the data must use @code{malloc} or @code{mmap} to allocate the data in the
heap instead of in the program's data segment. heap instead of in the program's data segment.
@ -8206,10 +8206,10 @@ this to work.
@item -msio @item -msio
@opindex msio @opindex msio
Generate the predefine, @code{_SIO}, for server IO. The default is Generate the predefine, @code{_SIO}, for server IO@. The default is
@option{-mwsio}. This generates the predefines, @code{__hp9000s700}, @option{-mwsio}. This generates the predefines, @code{__hp9000s700},
@code{__hp9000s700__} and @code{_WSIO}, for workstation IO. These @code{__hp9000s700__} and @code{_WSIO}, for workstation IO@. These
options are available under HP-UX and HI-UX. options are available under HP-UX and HI-UX@.
@item -mgnu-ld @item -mgnu-ld
@opindex gnu-ld @opindex gnu-ld
@ -8309,7 +8309,7 @@ adding these link options.
@item -threads @item -threads
@opindex threads @opindex threads
Add support for multithreading with the @dfn{dce thread} library Add support for multithreading with the @dfn{dce thread} library
under HP-UX. This option sets flags for both the preprocessor and under HP-UX@. This option sets flags for both the preprocessor and
linker. linker.
@end table @end table
@ -8331,15 +8331,15 @@ for the ABI and the set of available instructions. The choices for
@var{cpu-type} are: @var{cpu-type} are:
@table @emph @table @emph
@item i386 @item i386
Original Intel's i386 CPU. Original Intel's i386 CPU@.
@item i486 @item i486
Intel's i486 CPU. (No scheduling is implemented for this chip.) Intel's i486 CPU@. (No scheduling is implemented for this chip.)
@item i586, pentium @item i586, pentium
Intel Pentium CPU with no MMX support. Intel Pentium CPU with no MMX support.
@item pentium-mmx @item pentium-mmx
Intel PentiumMMX CPU based on Pentium core with MMX instruction set support. Intel PentiumMMX CPU based on Pentium core with MMX instruction set support.
@item i686, pentiumpro @item i686, pentiumpro
Intel PentiumPro CPU. Intel PentiumPro CPU@.
@item pentium2 @item pentium2
Intel Pentium2 CPU based on PentiumPro core with MMX instruction set support. Intel Pentium2 CPU based on PentiumPro core with MMX instruction set support.
@item pentium3, pentium3m @item pentium3, pentium3m
@ -8376,7 +8376,7 @@ set support.
IDT Winchip2 CPU, dealt in same way as i486 with additional MMX and 3dNOW! IDT Winchip2 CPU, dealt in same way as i486 with additional MMX and 3dNOW!
instruction set support. instruction set support.
@item c3 @item c3
Via C3 CPU with MMX and 3dNOW! instruction set support. (No scheduling is Via C3 CPU with MMX and 3dNOW! instruction set support. (No scheduling is
implemented for this chip.) implemented for this chip.)
@item c3-2 @item c3-2
Via C3-2 CPU with MMX and SSE instruction set support. (No scheduling is Via C3-2 CPU with MMX and SSE instruction set support. (No scheduling is
@ -8421,7 +8421,7 @@ Use the standard 387 floating point coprocessor present majority of chips and
emulated otherwise. Code compiled with this option will run almost everywhere. emulated otherwise. Code compiled with this option will run almost everywhere.
The temporary results are computed in 80bit precision instead of precision The temporary results are computed in 80bit precision instead of precision
specified by the type resulting in slightly different results compared to most specified by the type resulting in slightly different results compared to most
of other chips. See @option{-ffloat-store} for more detailed description. of other chips. See @option{-ffloat-store} for more detailed description.
This is the default choice for i386 compiler. This is the default choice for i386 compiler.
@ -8454,7 +8454,7 @@ functional units well resulting in instable performance.
@item -masm=@var{dialect} @item -masm=@var{dialect}
@opindex masm=@var{dialect} @opindex masm=@var{dialect}
Output asm instructions using selected @var{dialect}. Supported choices are Output asm instructions using selected @var{dialect}. Supported choices are
@samp{intel} or @samp{att} (the default one). @samp{intel} or @samp{att} (the default one).
@item -mieee-fp @item -mieee-fp
@ -8521,7 +8521,7 @@ without that switch.
@itemx -m128bit-long-double @itemx -m128bit-long-double
@opindex m96bit-long-double @opindex m96bit-long-double
@opindex m128bit-long-double @opindex m128bit-long-double
These switches control the size of @code{long double} type. The i386 These switches control the size of @code{long double} type. The i386
application binary interface specifies the size to be 96 bits, application binary interface specifies the size to be 96 bits,
so @option{-m96bit-long-double} is the default in 32 bit mode. so @option{-m96bit-long-double} is the default in 32 bit mode.
@ -9416,7 +9416,7 @@ Equivalent to @samp{-march=mips64}.
@itemx -mno-mips16 @itemx -mno-mips16
@opindex mips16 @opindex mips16
@opindex mno-mips16 @opindex mno-mips16
Use (do not use) the MIPS16 ISA. Use (do not use) the MIPS16 ISA@.
@item -mabi=32 @item -mabi=32
@itemx -mabi=o64 @itemx -mabi=o64
@ -9451,7 +9451,7 @@ Generate (do not generate) SVR4-style position-independent code.
Lift (do not lift) the usual restrictions on the size of the global Lift (do not lift) the usual restrictions on the size of the global
offset table. offset table.
GCC normally uses a single instruction to load values from the GOT. GCC normally uses a single instruction to load values from the GOT@.
While this is relatively efficient, it will only work if the GOT While this is relatively efficient, it will only work if the GOT
is smaller than about 64k. Anything larger will cause the linker is smaller than about 64k. Anything larger will cause the linker
to report an error such as: to report an error such as:
@ -9521,7 +9521,7 @@ support to be enabled.
@itemx -mno-mips3d @itemx -mno-mips3d
@opindex mips3d @opindex mips3d
@opindex mno-mips3d @opindex mno-mips3d
Use (do not use) the MIPS-3D ASE. @xref{MIPS-3D Built-in Functions}. Use (do not use) the MIPS-3D ASE@. @xref{MIPS-3D Built-in Functions}.
The option @option{-mips3d} implies @option{-mpaired-single}. The option @option{-mips3d} implies @option{-mpaired-single}.
@item -mint64 @item -mint64
@ -9607,7 +9607,7 @@ MIPS systems check for division by zero by generating either a
conditional trap or a break instruction. Using traps results in conditional trap or a break instruction. Using traps results in
smaller code, but is only supported on MIPS II and later. Also, some smaller code, but is only supported on MIPS II and later. Also, some
versions of the Linux kernel have a bug that prevents trap from versions of the Linux kernel have a bug that prevents trap from
generating the proper signal (SIGFPE). Use @option{-mdivide-traps} to generating the proper signal (@code{SIGFPE}). Use @option{-mdivide-traps} to
allow conditional traps on architectures that support them and allow conditional traps on architectures that support them and
@option{-mdivide-breaks} to force the use of breaks. @option{-mdivide-breaks} to force the use of breaks.
@ -9640,7 +9640,7 @@ This option has no effect on abicalls code. The default is
@opindex mmad @opindex mmad
@opindex mno-mad @opindex mno-mad
Enable (disable) use of the @code{mad}, @code{madu} and @code{mul} Enable (disable) use of the @code{mad}, @code{madu} and @code{mul}
instructions, as provided by the R4650 ISA. instructions, as provided by the R4650 ISA@.
@item -mfused-madd @item -mfused-madd
@itemx -mno-fused-madd @itemx -mno-fused-madd
@ -10115,11 +10115,11 @@ Do not pretend that branches are expensive. This is the default.
@item -msplit @item -msplit
@opindex msplit @opindex msplit
Generate code for a system with split I&D. Generate code for a system with split I&D@.
@item -mno-split @item -mno-split
@opindex mno-split @opindex mno-split
Generate code for a system without split I&D. This is the default. Generate code for a system without split I&D@. This is the default.
@item -munix-asm @item -munix-asm
@opindex munix-asm @opindex munix-asm
@ -10307,7 +10307,7 @@ ABI@.
@item -mabi=no-spe @item -mabi=no-spe
@opindex mabi=no-spe @opindex mabi=no-spe
Disable Booke SPE ABI extensions for the current ABI. Disable Booke SPE ABI extensions for the current ABI@.
@item -misel=@var{yes/no} @item -misel=@var{yes/no}
@itemx -misel @itemx -misel
@ -10426,7 +10426,7 @@ On AIX, Darwin, and 64-bit PowerPC GNU/Linux, the option
@option{-malign-natural} overrides the ABI-defined alignment of larger @option{-malign-natural} overrides the ABI-defined alignment of larger
types, such as floating-point doubles, on their natural size-based boundary. types, such as floating-point doubles, on their natural size-based boundary.
The option @option{-malign-power} instructs GCC to follow the ABI-specified The option @option{-malign-power} instructs GCC to follow the ABI-specified
alignment rules. GCC defaults to the standard alignment defined in the ABI. alignment rules. GCC defaults to the standard alignment defined in the ABI@.
@item -msoft-float @item -msoft-float
@itemx -mhard-float @itemx -mhard-float
@ -10574,7 +10574,7 @@ by the target during instruction scheduling. The argument
@item -minsert-sched-nops=@var{scheme} @item -minsert-sched-nops=@var{scheme}
@opindex minsert-sched-nops @opindex minsert-sched-nops
This option controls which nop insertion scheme will be used during This option controls which nop insertion scheme will be used during
the second scheduling pass. The argument @var{scheme} takes one of the the second scheduling pass. The argument @var{scheme} takes one of the
following values: following values:
@var{no}: Don't insert nops. @var{no}: Don't insert nops.
@var{pad}: Pad with nops any dispatch group which has vacant issue slots, @var{pad}: Pad with nops any dispatch group which has vacant issue slots,
@ -10637,7 +10637,7 @@ the current ABI@.
@item -mabi=no-altivec @item -mabi=no-altivec
@opindex mabi=no-altivec @opindex mabi=no-altivec
Disable AltiVec ABI extensions for the current ABI. Disable AltiVec ABI extensions for the current ABI@.
@item -mprototype @item -mprototype
@itemx -mno-prototype @itemx -mno-prototype
@ -10843,11 +10843,11 @@ If one of the other options is present the backchain pointer is placed either
on top of the stack frame (@option{-mkernel-backchain}) or on on top of the stack frame (@option{-mkernel-backchain}) or on
the bottom (@option{-mbackchain}). the bottom (@option{-mbackchain}).
Beside the different backchain location @option{-mkernel-backchain} Beside the different backchain location @option{-mkernel-backchain}
also changes stack frame layout breaking the ABI. This option also changes stack frame layout breaking the ABI@. This option
is intended to be used for code which internally needs a backchain but has is intended to be used for code which internally needs a backchain but has
to get by with a limited stack size e.g.@: the linux kernel. to get by with a limited stack size e.g.@: the linux kernel.
Internal unwinding code not using DWARF-2 info has to be able to locate the Internal unwinding code not using DWARF-2 info has to be able to locate the
return address of a function. That will be eased be the fact that return address of a function. That will be eased be the fact that
the return address of a function is placed two words below the backchain the return address of a function is placed two words below the backchain
pointer. pointer.
@ -10879,7 +10879,7 @@ targets default to @option{-m64}.
When @option{-mzarch} is specified, generate code using the When @option{-mzarch} is specified, generate code using the
instructions available on z/Architecture. instructions available on z/Architecture.
When @option{-mesa} is specified, generate code using the When @option{-mesa} is specified, generate code using the
instructions available on ESA/390. Note that @option{-mesa} is instructions available on ESA/390. Note that @option{-mesa} is
not possible with @option{-m64}. not possible with @option{-m64}.
When generating code compliant to the GNU/Linux for S/390 ABI, When generating code compliant to the GNU/Linux for S/390 ABI,
the default is @option{-mesa}. When generating code compliant the default is @option{-mesa}. When generating code compliant
@ -10903,7 +10903,7 @@ The default is to not print debug information.
@item -march=@var{cpu-type} @item -march=@var{cpu-type}
@opindex march @opindex march
Generate code that will run on @var{cpu-type}, which is the name of a system Generate code that will run on @var{cpu-type}, which is the name of a system
representing a certain processor type. Possible values for representing a certain processor type. Possible values for
@var{cpu-type} are @samp{g5}, @samp{g6}, @samp{z900}, and @samp{z990}. @var{cpu-type} are @samp{g5}, @samp{g6}, @samp{z900}, and @samp{z990}.
When generating code using the instructions available on z/Architecture, When generating code using the instructions available on z/Architecture,
the default is @option{-march=z900}. Otherwise, the default is the default is @option{-march=z900}. Otherwise, the default is
@ -10922,7 +10922,7 @@ The default is the value used for @option{-march}.
@opindex mno-tpf-trace @opindex mno-tpf-trace
Generate code that adds (does not add) in TPF OS specific branches to trace Generate code that adds (does not add) in TPF OS specific branches to trace
routines in the operating system. This option is off by default, even routines in the operating system. This option is off by default, even
when compiling for the TPF OS. when compiling for the TPF OS@.
@item -mfused-madd @item -mfused-madd
@itemx -mno-fused-madd @itemx -mno-fused-madd
@ -11251,9 +11251,9 @@ With @option{-mcpu=sparclite}, GCC generates code for the SPARClite variant of
the SPARC architecture. This adds the integer multiply, integer divide step the SPARC architecture. This adds the integer multiply, integer divide step
and scan (@code{ffs}) instructions which exist in SPARClite but not in SPARC-V7. and scan (@code{ffs}) instructions which exist in SPARClite but not in SPARC-V7.
With @option{-mcpu=f930}, the compiler additionally optimizes it for the With @option{-mcpu=f930}, the compiler additionally optimizes it for the
Fujitsu MB86930 chip, which is the original SPARClite, with no FPU. With Fujitsu MB86930 chip, which is the original SPARClite, with no FPU@. With
@option{-mcpu=f934}, the compiler additionally optimizes it for the Fujitsu @option{-mcpu=f934}, the compiler additionally optimizes it for the Fujitsu
MB86934 chip, which is the more recent SPARClite with FPU. MB86934 chip, which is the more recent SPARClite with FPU@.
With @option{-mcpu=sparclet}, GCC generates code for the SPARClet variant of With @option{-mcpu=sparclet}, GCC generates code for the SPARClet variant of
the SPARC architecture. This adds the integer multiply, multiply/accumulate, the SPARC architecture. This adds the integer multiply, multiply/accumulate,
@ -11286,7 +11286,7 @@ that select a particular cpu implementation. Those are @samp{cypress},
@itemx -mno-v8plus @itemx -mno-v8plus
@opindex mv8plus @opindex mv8plus
@opindex mno-v8plus @opindex mno-v8plus
With @option{-mv8plus}, GCC generates code for the SPARC-V8+ ABI. The With @option{-mv8plus}, GCC generates code for the SPARC-V8+ ABI@. The
difference from the V8 ABI is that the global and out registers are difference from the V8 ABI is that the global and out registers are
considered 64-bit wide. This is enabled by default on Solaris in 32-bit considered 64-bit wide. This is enabled by default on Solaris in 32-bit
mode for all SPARC-V9 processors. mode for all SPARC-V9 processors.
@ -11305,7 +11305,7 @@ on SPARC-V9 processors in 64-bit environments:
@table @gcctabopt @table @gcctabopt
@item -mlittle-endian @item -mlittle-endian
@opindex mlittle-endian @opindex mlittle-endian
Generate code for a processor running in little-endian mode. It is only Generate code for a processor running in little-endian mode. It is only
available for a few configurations and most notably not on Solaris. available for a few configurations and most notably not on Solaris.
@item -m32 @item -m32
@ -11643,7 +11643,7 @@ this option is used.
@item -mv850e @item -mv850e
@opindex mv850e @opindex mv850e
Specify that the target processor is the V850E. The preprocessor Specify that the target processor is the V850E@. The preprocessor
constant @samp{__v850e__} will be defined if this option is used. constant @samp{__v850e__} will be defined if this option is used.
If neither @option{-mv850} nor @option{-mv850e} nor @option{-mv850e1} If neither @option{-mv850} nor @option{-mv850e} nor @option{-mv850e1}
@ -11993,7 +11993,7 @@ position-independent.
If supported for the target machine, emit position-independent code, If supported for the target machine, emit position-independent code,
suitable for dynamic linking and avoiding any limit on the size of the suitable for dynamic linking and avoiding any limit on the size of the
global offset table. This option makes a difference on the m68k global offset table. This option makes a difference on the m68k
and the SPARC. and the SPARC@.
Position-independent code requires special support, and therefore works Position-independent code requires special support, and therefore works
only on certain machines. only on certain machines.
@ -12054,7 +12054,7 @@ three-way choice.
@item -fpack-struct[=@var{n}] @item -fpack-struct[=@var{n}]
@opindex fpack-struct @opindex fpack-struct
Without a value specified, pack all structure members together without Without a value specified, pack all structure members together without
holes. When a value is specified (which must be a small power of two), pack holes. When a value is specified (which must be a small power of two), pack
structure members according to this value, representing the maximum structure members according to this value, representing the maximum
alignment (that is, objects with default alignment requirements larger than alignment (that is, objects with default alignment requirements larger than
this will be output potentially unaligned at the next fitting location. this will be output potentially unaligned at the next fitting location.
@ -12189,7 +12189,7 @@ usage so the only other commonly used option will be @code{hidden}.
The default if @option{-fvisibility} isn't specified is The default if @option{-fvisibility} isn't specified is
@code{default}, i.e., make every @code{default}, i.e., make every
symbol public---this causes the same behavior as previous versions of symbol public---this causes the same behavior as previous versions of
GCC. GCC@.
A good explanation of the benefits offered by ensuring ELF A good explanation of the benefits offered by ensuring ELF
symbols have the correct visibility is given by ``How To Write symbols have the correct visibility is given by ``How To Write
@ -12197,18 +12197,18 @@ Shared Libraries'' by Ulrich Drepper (which can be found at
@w{@uref{http://people.redhat.com/~drepper/}})---however a superior @w{@uref{http://people.redhat.com/~drepper/}})---however a superior
solution made possible by this option to marking things hidden when solution made possible by this option to marking things hidden when
the default is public is to make the default hidden and mark things the default is public is to make the default hidden and mark things
public. This is the norm with DLL's on Windows and with @option{-fvisibility=hidden} public. This is the norm with DLL's on Windows and with @option{-fvisibility=hidden}
and @code{__attribute__ ((visibility("default")))} instead of and @code{__attribute__ ((visibility("default")))} instead of
@code{__declspec(dllexport)} you get almost identical semantics with @code{__declspec(dllexport)} you get almost identical semantics with
identical syntax. This is a great boon to those working with identical syntax. This is a great boon to those working with
cross-platform projects. cross-platform projects.
For those adding visibility support to existing code, you may find For those adding visibility support to existing code, you may find
@samp{#pragma GCC visibility} of use. This works by you enclosing @samp{#pragma GCC visibility} of use. This works by you enclosing
the declarations you wish to set visibility for with (for example) the declarations you wish to set visibility for with (for example)
@samp{#pragma GCC visibility push(hidden)} and @samp{#pragma GCC visibility push(hidden)} and
@samp{#pragma GCC visibility pop}. These can be nested up to sixteen @samp{#pragma GCC visibility pop}. These can be nested up to sixteen
times. Bear in mind that symbol visibility should be viewed @strong{as times. Bear in mind that symbol visibility should be viewed @strong{as
part of the API interface contract} and thus all new code should part of the API interface contract} and thus all new code should
always specify visibility when it is not the default ie; declarations always specify visibility when it is not the default ie; declarations
only for use within the local DSO should @strong{always} be marked explicitly only for use within the local DSO should @strong{always} be marked explicitly

6
gcc/doc/libgcc.texi
View File

@ -17,7 +17,7 @@ integer multiply and divide on some machines, and all floating-point
operations on other machines. @code{libgcc} also includes routines operations on other machines. @code{libgcc} also includes routines
for exception handling, and a handful of miscellaneous operations. for exception handling, and a handful of miscellaneous operations.
Some of these routines can be defined in mostly machine-independent C. Some of these routines can be defined in mostly machine-independent C@.
Others must be hand-written in assembly language for each processor Others must be hand-written in assembly language for each processor
that needs them. that needs them.
@ -267,7 +267,7 @@ These functions return the quotient of @var{a} and @var{b}; that is,
@deftypefnx {Runtime Function} {long double} __negtf2 (long double @var{a}) @deftypefnx {Runtime Function} {long double} __negtf2 (long double @var{a})
@deftypefnx {Runtime Function} {long double} __negxf2 (long double @var{a}) @deftypefnx {Runtime Function} {long double} __negxf2 (long double @var{a})
These functions return the negation of @var{a}. They simply flip the These functions return the negation of @var{a}. They simply flip the
sign bit, so they can produce negative zero and negative NaN. sign bit, so they can produce negative zero and negative NaN@.
@end deftypefn @end deftypefn
@subsection Conversion functions @subsection Conversion functions
@ -391,7 +391,7 @@ Under the hood, all of these routines are implemented as
@noindent @noindent
where @var{E} is a constant chosen to give the proper behavior for where @var{E} is a constant chosen to give the proper behavior for
NaN. Thus, the meaning of the return value is different for each set. NaN@. Thus, the meaning of the return value is different for each set.
Do not rely on this implementation; only the semantics documented Do not rely on this implementation; only the semantics documented
below are guaranteed. below are guaranteed.

22
gcc/doc/md.texi
View File

@ -786,7 +786,7 @@ means exactly what
would mean, if the machine-description reader accepted @samp{:P} would mean, if the machine-description reader accepted @samp{:P}
mode suffixes. Unfortunately, it cannot, because @code{Pmode} is an mode suffixes. Unfortunately, it cannot, because @code{Pmode} is an
alias for some other mode, and might vary with machine-specific alias for some other mode, and might vary with machine-specific
options. @xref{Misc}. options. @xref{Misc}.
@end defun @end defun
@defun scratch_operand @defun scratch_operand
@ -1826,12 +1826,12 @@ System V Release 4 small data area reference
@table @code @table @code
@item q @item q
@samp{a}, @code{b}, @code{c}, or @code{d} register for the i386. @samp{a}, @code{b}, @code{c}, or @code{d} register for the i386.
For x86-64 it is equivalent to @samp{r} class. (for 8-bit instructions that For x86-64 it is equivalent to @samp{r} class (for 8-bit instructions that
do not use upper halves) do not use upper halves).
@item Q @item Q
@samp{a}, @code{b}, @code{c}, or @code{d} register. (for 8-bit instructions, @samp{a}, @code{b}, @code{c}, or @code{d} register (for 8-bit instructions,
that do use upper halves) that do use upper halves).
@item R @item R
Legacy register---equivalent to @code{r} class in i386 mode. Legacy register---equivalent to @code{r} class in i386 mode.
@ -2297,7 +2297,7 @@ Floating-point register on the SPARC-V8 architecture and
lower floating-point register on the SPARC-V9 architecture. lower floating-point register on the SPARC-V9 architecture.
@item e @item e
Floating-point register. It is equivalent to @samp{f} on the Floating-point register. It is equivalent to @samp{f} on the
SPARC-V8 architecture and contains both lower and upper SPARC-V8 architecture and contains both lower and upper
floating-point registers on the SPARC-V9 architecture. floating-point registers on the SPARC-V9 architecture.
@ -2305,11 +2305,11 @@ floating-point registers on the SPARC-V9 architecture.
Floating-point condition code register. Floating-point condition code register.
@item d @item d
Lower floating-point register. It is only valid on the SPARC-V9 Lower floating-point register. It is only valid on the SPARC-V9
architecture when the Visual Instruction Set is available. architecture when the Visual Instruction Set is available.
@item b @item b
Floating-point register. It is only valid on the SPARC-V9 architecture Floating-point register. It is only valid on the SPARC-V9 architecture
when the Visual Instruction Set is available. when the Visual Instruction Set is available.
@item h @item h
@ -3061,7 +3061,7 @@ generating the instruction.
@cindex @code{parity@var{m}2} instruction pattern @cindex @code{parity@var{m}2} instruction pattern
@item @samp{parity@var{m}2} @item @samp{parity@var{m}2}
Store into operand 0 the parity of @var{x}, i.@:e. the number of 1-bits Store into operand 0 the parity of @var{x}, i.e.@: the number of 1-bits
in @var{x} modulo 2. @var{m} is the mode of operand 0; operand 1's mode in @var{x} modulo 2. @var{m} is the mode of operand 0; operand 1's mode
is specified by the instruction pattern, and the compiler will convert is specified by the instruction pattern, and the compiler will convert
the operand to that mode before generating the instruction. the operand to that mode before generating the instruction.
@ -4764,7 +4764,7 @@ having to ensure the two patterns' templates match.
@findex include @findex include
The @code{include} pattern tells the compiler tools where to The @code{include} pattern tells the compiler tools where to
look for patterns that are in files other than in the file look for patterns that are in files other than in the file
@file{.md}. This is used only at build time and there is no preprocessing allowed. @file{.md}. This is used only at build time and there is no preprocessing allowed.
It looks like: It looks like:
@ -4783,7 +4783,7 @@ For example:
@end smallexample @end smallexample
Where @var{pathname} is a string that specifies the location of the file, Where @var{pathname} is a string that specifies the location of the file,
specifies the include file to be in @file{gcc/config/target/filestuff}. The specifies the include file to be in @file{gcc/config/target/filestuff}. The
directory @file{gcc/config/target} is regarded as the default directory. directory @file{gcc/config/target} is regarded as the default directory.

18
gcc/doc/passes.texi
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@ -68,7 +68,7 @@ invoked when (1) it is certain that the function is used, (2)
warning flags specified by the user require some amount of warning flags specified by the user require some amount of
compilation in order to honor, (3) the language indicates that compilation in order to honor, (3) the language indicates that
semantic analysis is not complete until gimplification occurs. semantic analysis is not complete until gimplification occurs.
Hum... this sounds overly complicated. Perhaps we should just Hum@dots{} this sounds overly complicated. Perhaps we should just
have the front end gimplify always; in most cases it's only one have the front end gimplify always; in most cases it's only one
function call. function call.
@ -135,7 +135,7 @@ The callback should examine the expression in question and return
@code{GS_UNHANDLED} if the expression is not a language specific @code{GS_UNHANDLED} if the expression is not a language specific
construct that requires attention. Otherwise it should alter the construct that requires attention. Otherwise it should alter the
expression in some way to such that forward progress is made toward expression in some way to such that forward progress is made toward
producing valid GIMPLE. If the callback is certain that the producing valid GIMPLE@. If the callback is certain that the
transformation is complete and the expression is valid GIMPLE, it transformation is complete and the expression is valid GIMPLE, it
should return @code{GS_ALL_DONE}. Otherwise it should return should return @code{GS_ALL_DONE}. Otherwise it should return
@code{GS_OK}, which will cause the expression to be processed again. @code{GS_OK}, which will cause the expression to be processed again.
@ -293,7 +293,7 @@ seeing if the result can be simplified. It is located in
@item Copy Renaming @item Copy Renaming
This pass attempts to change the name of compiler temporaries involved in This pass attempts to change the name of compiler temporaries involved in
copy operations such that SSA->normal can coalesce the copy away. When compiler copy operations such that SSA->normal can coalesce the copy away. When compiler
temporaries are copies of user variables, it also renames the compiler temporaries are copies of user variables, it also renames the compiler
temporary to the user variable resulting in better use of user symbols. It is temporary to the user variable resulting in better use of user symbols. It is
located in @file{tree-ssa-copyrename.c} and is described by located in @file{tree-ssa-copyrename.c} and is described by
@ -396,10 +396,10 @@ The optimizations also use various utility functions contained in
This pass applies if-conversion to simple loops to help vectorizer. This pass applies if-conversion to simple loops to help vectorizer.
We identify if convertable loops, if-convert statements and merge We identify if convertable loops, if-convert statements and merge
basic blocks in one big block. The idea is to present loop in such basic blocks in one big block. The idea is to present loop in such
form so that vectorizer can have one to one mapping between statements form so that vectorizer can have one to one mapping between statements
and available vector operations. This patch re-introduces COND_EXPR and available vector operations. This patch re-introduces COND_EXPR
at GIMPLE level. This pass is located in @file{tree-if-conv.c}. at GIMPLE level. This pass is located in @file{tree-if-conv.c}.
@item Conditional constant propagation @item Conditional constant propagation
@ -437,7 +437,7 @@ in @file{tree-ssa-dce.c} and is described by @code{pass_cd_dce}.
This pass identifies function calls that may be rewritten into This pass identifies function calls that may be rewritten into
jumps. No code transformation is actually applied here, but the jumps. No code transformation is actually applied here, but the
data and control flow problem is solved. The code transformation data and control flow problem is solved. The code transformation
requires target support, and so is delayed until RTL. In the requires target support, and so is delayed until RTL@. In the
meantime @code{CALL_EXPR_TAILCALL} is set indicating the possibility. meantime @code{CALL_EXPR_TAILCALL} is set indicating the possibility.
The pass is located in @file{tree-tailcall.c} and is described by The pass is located in @file{tree-tailcall.c} and is described by
@code{pass_tail_calls}. The RTL transformation is handled by @code{pass_tail_calls}. The RTL transformation is handled by
@ -468,7 +468,7 @@ is described by @code{pass_mudflap_2}.
This pass rewrites the function such that it is in normal form. At This pass rewrites the function such that it is in normal form. At
the same time, we eliminate as many single-use temporaries as possible, the same time, we eliminate as many single-use temporaries as possible,
so the intermediate language is no longer GIMPLE, but GENERIC. The so the intermediate language is no longer GIMPLE, but GENERIC@. The
pass is located in @file{tree-ssa.c} and is described by @code{pass_del_ssa}. pass is located in @file{tree-ssa.c} and is described by @code{pass_del_ssa}.
@end itemize @end itemize
@ -555,7 +555,7 @@ This pass is seriously out-of-date and is supposed to be replaced by
a new one described below in near future. a new one described below in near future.
A second loop optimization pass takes care of basic block level A second loop optimization pass takes care of basic block level
optimizations---unrolling, peeling and unswitching loops. The source optimizations---unrolling, peeling and unswitching loops. The source
files are @file{cfgloopanal.c} and @file{cfgloopmanip.c} containing files are @file{cfgloopanal.c} and @file{cfgloopmanip.c} containing
generic loop analysis and manipulation code, @file{loop-init.c} with generic loop analysis and manipulation code, @file{loop-init.c} with
initialization and finalization code, @file{loop-unswitch.c} for loop initialization and finalization code, @file{loop-unswitch.c} for loop

2
gcc/doc/portability.texi
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@ -11,7 +11,7 @@
GCC itself aims to be portable to any machine where @code{int} is at least GCC itself aims to be portable to any machine where @code{int} is at least
a 32-bit type. It aims to target machines with a flat (non-segmented) byte a 32-bit type. It aims to target machines with a flat (non-segmented) byte
addressed data address space (the code address space can be separate). addressed data address space (the code address space can be separate).
Target ABIs may have 8, 16, 32 or 64-bit @code{int} type. @code{char} Target ABIs may have 8, 16, 32 or 64-bit @code{int} type. @code{char}
can be wider than 8 bits. can be wider than 8 bits.
GCC gets most of the information about the target machine from a machine GCC gets most of the information about the target machine from a machine

8
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@ -72,9 +72,9 @@ commonly found inside @code{symbol_ref} expressions, but they appear in
other contexts in the RTL expressions that make up machine descriptions. other contexts in the RTL expressions that make up machine descriptions.
In a machine description, strings are normally written with double In a machine description, strings are normally written with double
quotes, as you would in C. However, strings in machine descriptions may quotes, as you would in C@. However, strings in machine descriptions may
extend over many lines, which is invalid C, and adjacent string extend over many lines, which is invalid C, and adjacent string
constants are not concatenated as they are in C. Any string constant constants are not concatenated as they are in C@. Any string constant
may be surrounded with a single set of parentheses. Sometimes this may be surrounded with a single set of parentheses. Sometimes this
makes the machine description easier to read. makes the machine description easier to read.
@ -534,7 +534,7 @@ Stored in the @code{unchanging} field and printed as @samp{/u}.
@item INSN_ANNULLED_BRANCH_P (@var{x}) @item INSN_ANNULLED_BRANCH_P (@var{x})
In a @code{jump_insn}, @code{call_insn}, or @code{insn} indicates In a @code{jump_insn}, @code{call_insn}, or @code{insn} indicates
that the branch is an annulling one. See the discussion under that the branch is an annulling one. See the discussion under
@code{sequence} below. Stored in the @code{unchanging} field and @code{sequence} below. Stored in the @code{unchanging} field and
printed as @samp{/u}. printed as @samp{/u}.
@findex INSN_DEAD_CODE_P @findex INSN_DEAD_CODE_P
@ -808,7 +808,7 @@ the value. Use @code{SUBREG_PROMOTED_UNSIGNED_SET} to change the value.
Set the @code{unchanging} and @code{volatil} fields in a @code{subreg} Set the @code{unchanging} and @code{volatil} fields in a @code{subreg}
to reflect zero, sign, or other extension. If @code{volatil} is to reflect zero, sign, or other extension. If @code{volatil} is
zero, then @code{unchanging} as nonzero means zero extension and as zero, then @code{unchanging} as nonzero means zero extension and as
zero means sign extension. If @code{volatil} is nonzero then some zero means sign extension. If @code{volatil} is nonzero then some
other type of extension was done via the @code{ptr_extend} instruction. other type of extension was done via the @code{ptr_extend} instruction.
@findex SUBREG_PROMOTED_VAR_P @findex SUBREG_PROMOTED_VAR_P

12
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@ -128,7 +128,7 @@ Subdirectories for various languages. Directories containing a file
the subdirectories @file{cp} (for C++), @file{objc} (for Objective-C) the subdirectories @file{cp} (for C++), @file{objc} (for Objective-C)
and @file{objcp} (for Objective-C++) are documented in this manual and @file{objcp} (for Objective-C++) are documented in this manual
(@pxref{Passes, , Passes and Files of the Compiler}); those for other (@pxref{Passes, , Passes and Files of the Compiler}); those for other
languages are not. @xref{Front End, , Anatomy of a Language Front End}, languages are not. @xref{Front End, , Anatomy of a Language Front End},
for details of the files in these directories. for details of the files in these directories.
@item config @item config
@ -631,7 +631,7 @@ anything.
@itemx distclean @itemx distclean
@itemx maintainer-clean @itemx maintainer-clean
The language parts of the standard GNU The language parts of the standard GNU
@samp{*clean} targets. @xref{Standard Targets, , Standard Targets for @samp{*clean} targets. @xref{Standard Targets, , Standard Targets for
Users, standards, GNU Coding Standards}, for details of the standard Users, standards, GNU Coding Standards}, for details of the standard
targets. For GCC, @code{maintainer-clean} should delete targets. For GCC, @code{maintainer-clean} should delete
all generated files in the source directory that are not checked into all generated files in the source directory that are not checked into
@ -713,7 +713,7 @@ everything from the single @file{gcc/Makefile} is preferred.
If defined, a space-separated list of files that should be scanned by If defined, a space-separated list of files that should be scanned by
gengtype.c to generate the garbage collection tables and routines for gengtype.c to generate the garbage collection tables and routines for
this language. This excludes the files that are common to all front this language. This excludes the files that are common to all front
ends. @xref{Type Information}. ends. @xref{Type Information}.
@item need_gmp @item need_gmp
If defined to @samp{yes}, this frontend requires the GMP library. If defined to @samp{yes}, this frontend requires the GMP library.
Enables configure tests for GMP, which set @code{GMPLIBS} and Enables configure tests for GMP, which set @code{GMPLIBS} and
@ -911,18 +911,18 @@ testsuite, publicly available at
These tests are integrated in the GCC testsuite in the These tests are integrated in the GCC testsuite in the
@file{gcc/testsuite/ada/acats} directory, and @file{gcc/testsuite/ada/acats} directory, and
enabled automatically when running @code{make check}, assuming enabled automatically when running @code{make check}, assuming
the Ada language has been enabled when configuring GCC. the Ada language has been enabled when configuring GCC@.
You can also run the Ada testsuite independently, using You can also run the Ada testsuite independently, using
@code{make check-ada}, or run a subset of the tests by specifying which @code{make check-ada}, or run a subset of the tests by specifying which
chapter to run, e.g: chapter to run, e.g.:
@smallexample @smallexample
$ make check-ada CHAPTERS="c3 c9" $ make check-ada CHAPTERS="c3 c9"
@end smallexample @end smallexample
The tests are organized by directory, each directory corresponding to The tests are organized by directory, each directory corresponding to
a chapter of the Ada Reference Manual. So for example, c9 corresponds a chapter of the Ada Reference Manual. So for example, c9 corresponds
to chapter 9, which deals with tasking features of the language. to chapter 9, which deals with tasking features of the language.
There is also an extra chapter called @file{gcc} containing a template for There is also an extra chapter called @file{gcc} containing a template for

4
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@ -179,8 +179,8 @@ have additional useful information.
@cindex treelang @cindex treelang
There is no standard for treelang, which is a sample language front end There is no standard for treelang, which is a sample language front end
for GCC. Its only purpose is as a sample for people wishing to write a for GCC@. Its only purpose is as a sample for people wishing to write a
new language for GCC. The language is documented in new language for GCC@. The language is documented in
@file{gcc/treelang/treelang.texi} which can be turned into info or @file{gcc/treelang/treelang.texi} which can be turned into info or
HTML format. HTML format.

48
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@ -781,7 +781,7 @@ for that option, but it will not count as an undocumented option. The
actual option name is made by appending @samp{-m} to the specified name. actual option name is made by appending @samp{-m} to the specified name.
Non-empty description strings should be marked with @code{N_(@dots{})} for Non-empty description strings should be marked with @code{N_(@dots{})} for
@command{xgettext}. Please do not mark empty strings because the empty @command{xgettext}. Please do not mark empty strings because the empty
string is reserved by GNU gettext. @code{gettext("")} returns the header entry string is reserved by GNU gettext. @code{gettext("")} returns the header entry
of the message catalog with meta information, not the empty string. of the message catalog with meta information, not the empty string.
In addition to the description for @option{--help}, In addition to the description for @option{--help},
@ -814,7 +814,7 @@ Each subgrouping contains a string constant, that defines the option
name, the address of a variable, a description string, and a value. name, the address of a variable, a description string, and a value.
Non-empty description strings should be marked with @code{N_(@dots{})} Non-empty description strings should be marked with @code{N_(@dots{})}
for @command{xgettext}. Please do not mark empty strings because the for @command{xgettext}. Please do not mark empty strings because the
empty string is reserved by GNU gettext. @code{gettext("")} returns the empty string is reserved by GNU gettext. @code{gettext("")} returns the
header entry of the message catalog with meta information, not the empty header entry of the message catalog with meta information, not the empty
string. string.
@ -980,7 +980,7 @@ target to perform any target specific initialization of the
@code{struct function} structure. It is intended that this would be @code{struct function} structure. It is intended that this would be
used to initialize the @code{machine} of that structure. used to initialize the @code{machine} of that structure.
@code{struct machine_function} structures are expected to be freed by GC. @code{struct machine_function} structures are expected to be freed by GC@.
Generally, any memory that they reference must be allocated by using Generally, any memory that they reference must be allocated by using
@code{ggc_alloc}, including the structure itself. @code{ggc_alloc}, including the structure itself.
@end deftypevar @end deftypevar
@ -1538,12 +1538,12 @@ When a bit-field is inserted into a packed record, the whole size
of the underlying type is used by one or more same-size adjacent of the underlying type is used by one or more same-size adjacent
bit-fields (that is, if its long:3, 32 bits is used in the record, bit-fields (that is, if its long:3, 32 bits is used in the record,
and any additional adjacent long bit-fields are packed into the same and any additional adjacent long bit-fields are packed into the same
chunk of 32 bits. However, if the size changes, a new field of that chunk of 32 bits. However, if the size changes, a new field of that
size is allocated). In an unpacked record, this is the same as using size is allocated). In an unpacked record, this is the same as using
alignment, but not equivalent when packing. alignment, but not equivalent when packing.
If both MS bit-fields and @samp{__attribute__((packed))} are used, If both MS bit-fields and @samp{__attribute__((packed))} are used,
the latter will take precedence. If @samp{__attribute__((packed))} is the latter will take precedence. If @samp{__attribute__((packed))} is
used on a single field when MS bit-fields are in use, it will take used on a single field when MS bit-fields are in use, it will take
precedence for that field, but the alignment of the rest of the structure precedence for that field, but the alignment of the rest of the structure
may affect its placement. may affect its placement.
@ -1604,7 +1604,7 @@ target machine. If you don't define this, the default is one word.
@defmac ADA_LONG_TYPE_SIZE @defmac ADA_LONG_TYPE_SIZE
On some machines, the size used for the Ada equivalent of the type On some machines, the size used for the Ada equivalent of the type
@code{long} by a native Ada compiler differs from that used by C. In @code{long} by a native Ada compiler differs from that used by C@. In
that situation, define this macro to be a C expression to be used for that situation, define this macro to be a C expression to be used for
the size of that type. If you don't define this, the default is the the size of that type. If you don't define this, the default is the
value of @code{LONG_TYPE_SIZE}. value of @code{LONG_TYPE_SIZE}.
@ -5560,7 +5560,7 @@ necessary. Traditionally, the default costs are @code{COSTS_N_INSNS (5)}
for multiplications, @code{COSTS_N_INSNS (7)} for division and modulus for multiplications, @code{COSTS_N_INSNS (7)} for division and modulus
operations, and @code{COSTS_N_INSNS (1)} for all other operations. operations, and @code{COSTS_N_INSNS (1)} for all other operations.
When optimizing for code size, i.e@. when @code{optimize_size} is When optimizing for code size, i.e.@: when @code{optimize_size} is
nonzero, this target hook should be used to estimate the relative nonzero, this target hook should be used to estimate the relative
size cost of an expression, again relative to @code{COSTS_N_INSNS}. size cost of an expression, again relative to @code{COSTS_N_INSNS}.
@ -5728,7 +5728,7 @@ This hook is executed by the scheduler after function level initializations.
@end deftypefn @end deftypefn
@deftypefn {Target Hook} void TARGET_SCHED_FINISH_GLOBAL (FILE *@var{file}, int @var{verbose}) @deftypefn {Target Hook} void TARGET_SCHED_FINISH_GLOBAL (FILE *@var{file}, int @var{verbose})
This is the cleanup hook corresponding to TARGET_SCHED_INIT_GLOBAL. This is the cleanup hook corresponding to @code{TARGET_SCHED_INIT_GLOBAL}.
@var{file} is either a null pointer, or a stdio stream to write any debug output to. @var{file} is either a null pointer, or a stdio stream to write any debug output to.
@var{verbose} is the verbose level provided by @option{-fsched-verbose-@var{n}}. @var{verbose} is the verbose level provided by @option{-fsched-verbose-@var{n}}.
@end deftypefn @end deftypefn
@ -6911,7 +6911,7 @@ should be excluded; on many systems, the letter @samp{L} at the
beginning of a label has this effect. You should find out what beginning of a label has this effect. You should find out what
convention your system uses, and follow it. convention your system uses, and follow it.
The default version of this function utilizes ASM_GENERATE_INTERNAL_LABEL. The default version of this function utilizes @code{ASM_GENERATE_INTERNAL_LABEL}.
@end deftypefn @end deftypefn
@defmac ASM_OUTPUT_DEBUG_LABEL (@var{stream}, @var{prefix}, @var{num}) @defmac ASM_OUTPUT_DEBUG_LABEL (@var{stream}, @var{prefix}, @var{num})
@ -7571,13 +7571,13 @@ the jump-table.
@end defmac @end defmac
@deftypefn {Target Hook} void TARGET_ASM_EMIT_UNWIND_LABEL (@var{stream}, @var{decl}, @var{for_eh}, @var{empty}) @deftypefn {Target Hook} void TARGET_ASM_EMIT_UNWIND_LABEL (@var{stream}, @var{decl}, @var{for_eh}, @var{empty})
This target hook emits a label at the beginning of each FDE. It This target hook emits a label at the beginning of each FDE@. It
should be defined on targets where FDEs need special labels, and it should be defined on targets where FDEs need special labels, and it
should write the appropriate label, for the FDE associated with the should write the appropriate label, for the FDE associated with the
function declaration @var{decl}, to the stdio stream @var{stream}. function declaration @var{decl}, to the stdio stream @var{stream}.
The third argument, @var{for_eh}, is a boolean: true if this is for an The third argument, @var{for_eh}, is a boolean: true if this is for an
exception table. The fourth argument, @var{empty}, is a boolean: exception table. The fourth argument, @var{empty}, is a boolean:
true if this is a placeholder label for an omitted FDE. true if this is a placeholder label for an omitted FDE@.
The default is that FDEs are not given nonlocal labels. The default is that FDEs are not given nonlocal labels.
@end deftypefn @end deftypefn
@ -8031,7 +8031,7 @@ output an @code{N_FUN} entry for the function @var{decl}.
@defmac DBX_OUTPUT_SOURCE_LINE (@var{stream}, @var{line}, @var{counter}) @defmac DBX_OUTPUT_SOURCE_LINE (@var{stream}, @var{line}, @var{counter})
A C statement to output DBX debugging information before code for line A C statement to output DBX debugging information before code for line
number @var{line} of the current source file to the stdio stream number @var{line} of the current source file to the stdio stream
@var{stream}. @var{counter} is the number of time the macro was @var{stream}. @var{counter} is the number of time the macro was
invoked, including the current invocation; it is intended to generate invoked, including the current invocation; it is intended to generate
unique labels in the assembly output. unique labels in the assembly output.
@ -8372,21 +8372,21 @@ be switched into prior to the execution of @var{insn}.
@defmac MODE_AFTER (@var{mode}, @var{insn}) @defmac MODE_AFTER (@var{mode}, @var{insn})
If this macro is defined, it is evaluated for every @var{insn} during If this macro is defined, it is evaluated for every @var{insn} during
mode switching. It determines the mode that an insn results in (if mode switching. It determines the mode that an insn results in (if
different from the incoming mode). different from the incoming mode).
@end defmac @end defmac
@defmac MODE_ENTRY (@var{entity}) @defmac MODE_ENTRY (@var{entity})
If this macro is defined, it is evaluated for every @var{entity} that needs If this macro is defined, it is evaluated for every @var{entity} that needs
mode switching. It should evaluate to an integer, which is a mode that mode switching. It should evaluate to an integer, which is a mode that
@var{entity} is assumed to be switched to at function entry. If @code{MODE_ENTRY} @var{entity} is assumed to be switched to at function entry. If @code{MODE_ENTRY}
is defined then @code{MODE_EXIT} must be defined. is defined then @code{MODE_EXIT} must be defined.
@end defmac @end defmac
@defmac MODE_EXIT (@var{entity}) @defmac MODE_EXIT (@var{entity})
If this macro is defined, it is evaluated for every @var{entity} that needs If this macro is defined, it is evaluated for every @var{entity} that needs
mode switching. It should evaluate to an integer, which is a mode that mode switching. It should evaluate to an integer, which is a mode that
@var{entity} is assumed to be switched to at function exit. If @code{MODE_EXIT} @var{entity} is assumed to be switched to at function exit. If @code{MODE_EXIT}
is defined then @code{MODE_ENTRY} must be defined. is defined then @code{MODE_ENTRY} must be defined.
@end defmac @end defmac
@ -8522,7 +8522,7 @@ be preserved even if it does not appear that the register is used again
later in the function. later in the function.
Another note: according to the MIPS spec, coprocessor 1 (if present) is Another note: according to the MIPS spec, coprocessor 1 (if present) is
the FPU. One accesses COP1 registers through standard mips the FPU@. One accesses COP1 registers through standard mips
floating-point support; they are not included in this mechanism. floating-point support; they are not included in this mechanism.
There is one macro used in defining the MIPS coprocessor interface which There is one macro used in defining the MIPS coprocessor interface which
@ -8582,7 +8582,7 @@ This hook returns the size of the cookie to use when allocating an array
whose elements have the indicated @var{type}. Assumes that it is already whose elements have the indicated @var{type}. Assumes that it is already
known that a cookie is needed. The default is known that a cookie is needed. The default is
@code{max(sizeof (size_t), alignof(type))}, as defined in section 2.7 of the @code{max(sizeof (size_t), alignof(type))}, as defined in section 2.7 of the
IA64/Generic C++ ABI. IA64/Generic C++ ABI@.
@end deftypefn @end deftypefn
@deftypefn {Target Hook} bool TARGET_CXX_COOKIE_HAS_SIZE (void) @deftypefn {Target Hook} bool TARGET_CXX_COOKIE_HAS_SIZE (void)
@ -9000,7 +9000,7 @@ Note that regardless of this macro the ``definedness'' of @code{clz}
and @code{ctz} at zero do @emph{not} extend to the builtin functions and @code{ctz} at zero do @emph{not} extend to the builtin functions
visible to the user. Thus one may be free to adjust the value at will visible to the user. Thus one may be free to adjust the value at will
to match the target expansion of these operations without fear of to match the target expansion of these operations without fear of
breaking the API. breaking the API@.
@end defmac @end defmac
@defmac Pmode @defmac Pmode
@ -9113,11 +9113,11 @@ When a bit-field is inserted into a packed record, the whole size
of the underlying type is used by one or more same-size adjacent of the underlying type is used by one or more same-size adjacent
bit-fields (that is, if its long:3, 32 bits is used in the record, bit-fields (that is, if its long:3, 32 bits is used in the record,
and any additional adjacent long bit-fields are packed into the same and any additional adjacent long bit-fields are packed into the same
chunk of 32 bits. However, if the size changes, a new field of that chunk of 32 bits. However, if the size changes, a new field of that
size is allocated). size is allocated).
If both MS bit-fields and @samp{__attribute__((packed))} are used, If both MS bit-fields and @samp{__attribute__((packed))} are used,
the latter will take precedence. If @samp{__attribute__((packed))} is the latter will take precedence. If @samp{__attribute__((packed))} is
used on a single field when MS bit-fields are in use, it will take used on a single field when MS bit-fields are in use, it will take
precedence for that field, but the alignment of the rest of the structure precedence for that field, but the alignment of the rest of the structure
may affect its placement. may affect its placement.
@ -9477,7 +9477,7 @@ that are different from @option{-I}.
@deftypefn {Target Hook} bool TARGET_USE_LOCAL_THUNK_ALIAS_P (tree @var{fndecl}) @deftypefn {Target Hook} bool TARGET_USE_LOCAL_THUNK_ALIAS_P (tree @var{fndecl})
This target hook returns @code{true} if it is safe to use a local alias This target hook returns @code{true} if it is safe to use a local alias
for a virtual function @var{fndecl} when constructing thunks, for a virtual function @var{fndecl} when constructing thunks,
@code{false} otherwise. By default, the hook returns @code{true} for all @code{false} otherwise. By default, the hook returns @code{true} for all
functions, if a target supports aliases (i.e.@: defines functions, if a target supports aliases (i.e.@: defines
@code{ASM_OUTPUT_DEF}), @code{false} otherwise, @code{ASM_OUTPUT_DEF}), @code{false} otherwise,
@end deftypefn @end deftypefn

50
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@ -23,7 +23,7 @@ GIMPLE and RTL are used to optimize the program. GIMPLE is used for
target and language independent optimizations (e.g., inlining, target and language independent optimizations (e.g., inlining,
constant propagation, tail call elimination, redundancy elimination, constant propagation, tail call elimination, redundancy elimination,
etc). Much like GENERIC, GIMPLE is a language independent, tree based etc). Much like GENERIC, GIMPLE is a language independent, tree based
representation. However, it differs from GENERIC in that the GIMPLE representation. However, it differs from GENERIC in that the GIMPLE
grammar is more restrictive: expressions contain no more than 3 grammar is more restrictive: expressions contain no more than 3
operands (except function calls), it has no control flow structures operands (except function calls), it has no control flow structures
and expressions with side-effects are only allowed on the right hand and expressions with side-effects are only allowed on the right hand
@ -53,10 +53,10 @@ The purpose of GENERIC is simply to provide a language-independent way of
representing an entire function in trees. To this end, it was necessary to representing an entire function in trees. To this end, it was necessary to
add a few new tree codes to the back end, but most everything was already add a few new tree codes to the back end, but most everything was already
there. If you can express it with the codes in @code{gcc/tree.def}, it's there. If you can express it with the codes in @code{gcc/tree.def}, it's
GENERIC. GENERIC@.
Early on, there was a great deal of debate about how to think about Early on, there was a great deal of debate about how to think about
statements in a tree IL. In GENERIC, a statement is defined as any statements in a tree IL@. In GENERIC, a statement is defined as any
expression whose value, if any, is ignored. A statement will always expression whose value, if any, is ignored. A statement will always
have @code{TREE_SIDE_EFFECTS} set (or it will be discarded), but a have @code{TREE_SIDE_EFFECTS} set (or it will be discarded), but a
non-statement expression may also have side effects. A non-statement expression may also have side effects. A
@ -72,10 +72,10 @@ off to @code{tree_rest_of_compilation}, but this seems inelegant.
If necessary, a front end can use some language-dependent tree codes If necessary, a front end can use some language-dependent tree codes
in its GENERIC representation, so long as it provides a hook for in its GENERIC representation, so long as it provides a hook for
converting them to GIMPLE and doesn't expect them to work with any converting them to GIMPLE and doesn't expect them to work with any
(hypothetical) optimizers that run before the conversion to GIMPLE. (hypothetical) optimizers that run before the conversion to GIMPLE@.
The intermediate representation used while parsing C and C++ looks The intermediate representation used while parsing C and C++ looks
very little like GENERIC, but the C and C++ gimplifier hooks are very little like GENERIC, but the C and C++ gimplifier hooks are
perfectly happy to take it as input and spit out GIMPLE. perfectly happy to take it as input and spit out GIMPLE@.
@node GIMPLE @node GIMPLE
@section GIMPLE @section GIMPLE
@ -129,14 +129,14 @@ The tree representation of a function is stored in
If a front end wants to include language-specific tree codes in the tree If a front end wants to include language-specific tree codes in the tree
representation which it provides to the back end, it must provide a representation which it provides to the back end, it must provide a
definition of @code{LANG_HOOKS_GIMPLIFY_EXPR} which knows how to definition of @code{LANG_HOOKS_GIMPLIFY_EXPR} which knows how to
convert the front end trees to GIMPLE. Usually such a hook will involve convert the front end trees to GIMPLE@. Usually such a hook will involve
much of the same code for expanding front end trees to RTL. This function much of the same code for expanding front end trees to RTL@. This function
can return fully lowered GIMPLE, or it can return GENERIC trees and let the can return fully lowered GIMPLE, or it can return GENERIC trees and let the
main gimplifier lower them the rest of the way; this is often simpler. main gimplifier lower them the rest of the way; this is often simpler.
The C and C++ front ends currently convert directly from front end The C and C++ front ends currently convert directly from front end
trees to GIMPLE, and hand that off to the back end rather than first trees to GIMPLE, and hand that off to the back end rather than first
converting to GENERIC. Their gimplifier hooks know about all the converting to GENERIC@. Their gimplifier hooks know about all the
@code{_STMT} nodes and how to convert them to GENERIC forms. There @code{_STMT} nodes and how to convert them to GENERIC forms. There
was some work done on a genericization pass which would run first, but was some work done on a genericization pass which would run first, but
the existence of @code{STMT_EXPR} meant that in order to convert all the existence of @code{STMT_EXPR} meant that in order to convert all
@ -144,7 +144,7 @@ of the C statements into GENERIC equivalents would involve walking the
entire tree anyway, so it was simpler to lower all the way. This entire tree anyway, so it was simpler to lower all the way. This
might change in the future if someone writes an optimization pass might change in the future if someone writes an optimization pass
which would work better with higher-level trees, but currently the which would work better with higher-level trees, but currently the
optimizers all expect GIMPLE. optimizers all expect GIMPLE@.
A front end which wants to use the tree optimizers (and already has A front end which wants to use the tree optimizers (and already has
some sort of whole-function tree representation) only needs to provide some sort of whole-function tree representation) only needs to provide
@ -293,8 +293,8 @@ Most statements will be assignment statements, represented by
@code{MODIFY_EXPR}. A @code{CALL_EXPR} whose value is ignored can @code{MODIFY_EXPR}. A @code{CALL_EXPR} whose value is ignored can
also be a statement. No other C expressions can appear at statement level; also be a statement. No other C expressions can appear at statement level;
a reference to a volatile object is converted into a @code{MODIFY_EXPR}. a reference to a volatile object is converted into a @code{MODIFY_EXPR}.
In GIMPLE form, type of @code{MODIFY_EXPR} is not meaningful. Instead, use type In GIMPLE form, type of @code{MODIFY_EXPR} is not meaningful. Instead, use type
of LHS or RHS. of LHS or RHS@.
There are also several varieties of complex statements. There are also several varieties of complex statements.
@ -337,7 +337,7 @@ syntactic blocks in the source code, since several C++ constructs have
implicit scopes associated with them. On the other hand, although the C++ implicit scopes associated with them. On the other hand, although the C++
front end uses pseudo-scopes to handle cleanups for objects with front end uses pseudo-scopes to handle cleanups for objects with
destructors, these don't translate into the GIMPLE form; multiple destructors, these don't translate into the GIMPLE form; multiple
declarations at the same level use the same BIND_EXPR. declarations at the same level use the same @code{BIND_EXPR}.
@node Statement Sequences @node Statement Sequences
@subsubsection Statement Sequences @subsubsection Statement Sequences
@ -752,12 +752,12 @@ variable @code{a}. Real definition are also known as @dfn{killing
definitions}. Similarly, the use of @code{a} reads all its bits. definitions}. Similarly, the use of @code{a} reads all its bits.
In contrast, virtual operands are used with variables that can have In contrast, virtual operands are used with variables that can have
a partial or ambiguous reference. This includes structures, arrays, a partial or ambiguous reference. This includes structures, arrays,
globals, and aliased variables. In these cases, we have two types of globals, and aliased variables. In these cases, we have two types of
definitions. For globals, structures, and arrays, we can determine from definitions. For globals, structures, and arrays, we can determine from
a statement whether a variable of these types has a killing definition. a statement whether a variable of these types has a killing definition.
If the variable does, then the statement is marked as having a If the variable does, then the statement is marked as having a
@dfn{must definition} of that variable. However, if a statement is only @dfn{must definition} of that variable. However, if a statement is only
defining a part of the variable (i.e.@: a field in a structure), or if we defining a part of the variable (i.e.@: a field in a structure), or if we
know that a statement might define the variable but we cannot say for sure, know that a statement might define the variable but we cannot say for sure,
then we mark that statement as having a @dfn{may definition}. For then we mark that statement as having a @dfn{may definition}. For
@ -815,7 +815,7 @@ incorrect assumptions about them.
Operands are collected by @file{tree-ssa-operands.c}. They are stored Operands are collected by @file{tree-ssa-operands.c}. They are stored
inside each statement's annotation and can be accessed with inside each statement's annotation and can be accessed with
@code{DEF_OPS}, @code{USE_OPS}, @code{V_MAY_DEF_OPS}, @code{DEF_OPS}, @code{USE_OPS}, @code{V_MAY_DEF_OPS},
@code{V_MUST_DEF_OPS} and @code{VUSE_OPS}. The following are all the @code{V_MUST_DEF_OPS} and @code{VUSE_OPS}. The following are all the
accessor macros available to access USE operands. To access all the accessor macros available to access USE operands. To access all the
other operand arrays, just change the name accordingly: other operand arrays, just change the name accordingly:
@ -964,7 +964,7 @@ So if you want to look at the use pointers for all the @code{USE} and
The @code{_TREE_} macro is basically the same as the @code{USE} and The @code{_TREE_} macro is basically the same as the @code{USE} and
@code{DEF} macros, only with the use or def dereferenced via @code{DEF} macros, only with the use or def dereferenced via
@code{USE_FROM_PTR (use_p)} and @code{DEF_FROM_PTR (def_p)}. Since we @code{USE_FROM_PTR (use_p)} and @code{DEF_FROM_PTR (def_p)}. Since we
aren't using operand pointers, use and defs flags can be mixed. aren't using operand pointers, use and defs flags can be mixed.
@smallexample @smallexample
@ -979,10 +979,10 @@ aren't using operand pointers, use and defs flags can be mixed.
Note that @code{V_MAY_DEFS} are broken into 2 flags, one for the Note that @code{V_MAY_DEFS} are broken into 2 flags, one for the
@code{DEF} portion (@code{SSA_OP_VMAYDEF}) and one for the USE portion @code{DEF} portion (@code{SSA_OP_VMAYDEF}) and one for the USE portion
(@code{SSA_OP_VMAYUSE}). If all you want to look at are the (@code{SSA_OP_VMAYUSE}). If all you want to look at are the
@code{V_MAY_DEFS} together, there is a fourth iterator macro for this, @code{V_MAY_DEFS} together, there is a fourth iterator macro for this,
which returns both a def_operand_p and a use_operand_p for each which returns both a def_operand_p and a use_operand_p for each
@code{V_MAY_DEF} in the statement. Note that you don't need any flags for @code{V_MAY_DEF} in the statement. Note that you don't need any flags for
this one. this one.
@smallexample @smallexample
@ -1009,8 +1009,8 @@ documentation in @file{tree-ssa-operands.h}.
Most of the tree optimizers rely on the data flow information provided Most of the tree optimizers rely on the data flow information provided
by the Static Single Assignment (SSA) form. We implement the SSA form by the Static Single Assignment (SSA) form. We implement the SSA form
as described in @cite{R. Cytron, J. Ferrante, B. Rosen, M. Wegman, and as described in @cite{R. Cytron, J. Ferrante, B. Rosen, M. Wegman, and
K. Zadeck. Efficiently Computing Static Single Assignment Form and the K. Zadeck. Efficiently Computing Static Single Assignment Form and the
Control Dependence Graph. ACM Transactions on Programming Languages Control Dependence Graph. ACM Transactions on Programming Languages
and Systems, 13(4):451-490, October 1991}. and Systems, 13(4):451-490, October 1991}.
The SSA form is based on the premise that program variables are The SSA form is based on the premise that program variables are
@ -1063,7 +1063,7 @@ The following macros can be used to examine PHI nodes
@defmac PHI_RESULT (@var{phi}) @defmac PHI_RESULT (@var{phi})
Returns the @code{SSA_NAME} created by PHI node @var{phi} (i.e., Returns the @code{SSA_NAME} created by PHI node @var{phi} (i.e.,
@var{phi}'s LHS). @var{phi}'s LHS)@.
@end defmac @end defmac
@defmac PHI_NUM_ARGS (@var{phi}) @defmac PHI_NUM_ARGS (@var{phi})
@ -1218,8 +1218,8 @@ the variables pointed-to by P_i (and its memory tag) also escape.
We have two classes of memory tags. Memory tags associated with We have two classes of memory tags. Memory tags associated with
the pointed-to data type of the pointers in the program. These the pointed-to data type of the pointers in the program. These
tags are called ``type memory tag'' (TMT). The other class are tags are called ``type memory tag'' (TMT)@. The other class are
those associated with SSA_NAMEs, called ``name memory tag'' (NMT). those associated with SSA_NAMEs, called ``name memory tag'' (NMT)@.
The basic idea is that when adding operands for an INDIRECT_REF The basic idea is that when adding operands for an INDIRECT_REF
*P_i, we will first check whether P_i has a name tag, if it does *P_i, we will first check whether P_i has a name tag, if it does
we use it, because that will have more precise aliasing we use it, because that will have more precise aliasing

12
gcc/doc/trouble.texi
View File

@ -205,7 +205,7 @@ the application linked with @file{libstdc++.a} must include the
@option{-Wl,-brtl} flag on the link line. G++ cannot impose this @option{-Wl,-brtl} flag on the link line. G++ cannot impose this
because this option may interfere with the semantics of the user because this option may interfere with the semantics of the user
program and users may not always use @samp{g++} to link his or her program and users may not always use @samp{g++} to link his or her
application. Applications are not required to use the application. Applications are not required to use the
@option{-Wl,-brtl} flag on the link line---the rest of the @option{-Wl,-brtl} flag on the link line---the rest of the
@file{libstdc++.a} library which is not dependent on the symbol @file{libstdc++.a} library which is not dependent on the symbol
merging semantics will continue to function correctly. merging semantics will continue to function correctly.
@ -213,7 +213,7 @@ merging semantics will continue to function correctly.
@item @item
An application can interpose its own definition of functions for An application can interpose its own definition of functions for
functions invoked by @file{libstdc++.a} with ``runtime-linking'' functions invoked by @file{libstdc++.a} with ``runtime-linking''
enabled on AIX. To accomplish this the application must be linked enabled on AIX@. To accomplish this the application must be linked
with ``runtime-linking'' option and the functions explicitly must be with ``runtime-linking'' option and the functions explicitly must be
exported by the application (@option{-Wl,-brtl,-bE:exportfile}). exported by the application (@option{-Wl,-brtl,-bE:exportfile}).
@ -222,9 +222,9 @@ AIX on the RS/6000 provides support (NLS) for environments outside of
the United States. Compilers and assemblers use NLS to support the United States. Compilers and assemblers use NLS to support
locale-specific representations of various objects including locale-specific representations of various objects including
floating-point numbers (@samp{.} vs @samp{,} for separating decimal floating-point numbers (@samp{.} vs @samp{,} for separating decimal
fractions). There have been problems reported where the library linked fractions). There have been problems reported where the library linked
with GCC does not produce the same floating-point formats that the with GCC does not produce the same floating-point formats that the
assembler accepts. If you have this problem, set the @env{LANG} assembler accepts. If you have this problem, set the @env{LANG}
environment variable to @samp{C} or @samp{En_US}. environment variable to @samp{C} or @samp{En_US}.
@item @item
@ -770,7 +770,7 @@ called two-stage (or dependent) name lookup. G++ implements it
since version 3.4. since version 3.4.
Two-stage name lookup sometimes leads to situations with behavior Two-stage name lookup sometimes leads to situations with behavior
different from non-template codes. The most common is probably this: different from non-template codes. The most common is probably this:
@smallexample @smallexample
template <typename T> struct Base @{ template <typename T> struct Base @{
@ -795,7 +795,7 @@ you need to defer lookup until instantiation time, at which the base
class is known. For this, you need to access @code{i} in a dependent class is known. For this, you need to access @code{i} in a dependent
context, by either using @code{this->i} (remember that @code{this} is of context, by either using @code{this->i} (remember that @code{this} is of
type @code{Derived<T>*}, so is obviously dependent), or using type @code{Derived<T>*}, so is obviously dependent), or using
@code{Base<T>::i}. Alternatively, @code{Base<T>::i} might be brought @code{Base<T>::i}. Alternatively, @code{Base<T>::i} might be brought
into scope by a @code{using}-declaration. into scope by a @code{using}-declaration.
Another, similar example involves calling member functions of a base Another, similar example involves calling member functions of a base