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| <?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8" standalone="no"?>
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| <!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD XHTML 1.0 Transitional//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml1/DTD/xhtml1-transitional.dtd"><html xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"><head><meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=UTF-8" /><title>Appendix D.  GNU General Public License version 3</title><meta name="generator" content="DocBook XSL-NS Stylesheets V1.78.1" /><meta name="keywords" content="ISO C++, runtime, library" /><link rel="home" href="../index.html" title="The GNU C++ Library" /><link rel="up" href="appendix.html" title="Part IV.  Appendices" /><link rel="prev" href="appendix_free.html" title="Appendix C.  Free Software Needs Free Documentation" /><link rel="next" href="appendix_gfdl.html" title="Appendix E. GNU Free Documentation License" /></head><body><div class="navheader"><table width="100%" summary="Navigation header"><tr><th colspan="3" align="center">Appendix D. 
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|     <acronym class="acronym">GNU</acronym> General Public License version 3
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|   </th></tr><tr><td width="20%" align="left"><a accesskey="p" href="appendix_free.html">Prev</a> </td><th width="60%" align="center">Part IV. 
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|   Appendices
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| </th><td width="20%" align="right"> <a accesskey="n" href="appendix_gfdl.html">Next</a></td></tr></table><hr /></div><div class="appendix"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h1 class="title"><a id="appendix.gpl-3.0"></a>
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|     <acronym class="acronym">GNU</acronym> General Public License version 3
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|   </h1></div></div></div><p>
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|     Version 3, 29 June 2007
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|   </p><p>
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|     Copyright © 2007 Free Software Foundation, Inc.
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|     <a class="link" href="http://www.fsf.org/" target="_top">http://www.fsf.org/</a>
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|   </p><p>
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|     Everyone is permitted to copy and distribute verbatim copies of this license
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|     document, but changing it is not allowed.
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|   </p><h2><a id="gpl-3-preamble"></a>
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|     Preamble
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|   </h2><p>
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|     The <acronym class="acronym">GNU</acronym> General Public License is a free, copyleft
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|     license for software and other kinds of works.
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|   </p><p>
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|     The licenses for most software and other practical works are designed to
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|     take away your freedom to share and change the works.  By contrast, the
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|     <acronym class="acronym">GNU</acronym> General Public License is intended to guarantee your
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|     freedom to share and change all versions of a program—to make sure it
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|     remains free software for all its users.  We, the Free Software Foundation,
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|     use the <acronym class="acronym">GNU</acronym> General Public License for most of our
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|     software; it applies also to any other work released this way by its
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|     authors.  You can apply it to your programs, too.
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|   </p><p>
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|     When we speak of free software, we are referring to freedom, not price.  Our
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|     General Public Licenses are designed to make sure that you have the freedom
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|     to distribute copies of free software (and charge for them if you wish),
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|     that you receive source code or can get it if you want it, that you can
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|     change the software or use pieces of it in new free programs, and that you
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|     know you can do these things.
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|   </p><p>
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|     To protect your rights, we need to prevent others from denying you these
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|     rights or asking you to surrender the rights.  Therefore, you have certain
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|     responsibilities if you distribute copies of the software, or if you modify
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|     it: responsibilities to respect the freedom of others.
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|   </p><p>
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|     For example, if you distribute copies of such a program, whether gratis or
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|     for a fee, you must pass on to the recipients the same freedoms that you
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|     received.  You must make sure that they, too, receive or can get the source
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|     code.  And you must show them these terms so they know their rights.
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|   </p><p>
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|     Developers that use the <acronym class="acronym">GNU</acronym> <acronym class="acronym">GPL</acronym>
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|     protect your rights with two steps: (1) assert copyright on the software,
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|     and (2) offer you this License giving you legal permission to copy,
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|     distribute and/or modify it.
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|   </p><p>
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|     For the developers’ and authors’ protection, the
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|     <acronym class="acronym">GPL</acronym> clearly explains that there is no warranty for this
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|     free software.  For both users’ and authors’ sake, the
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|     <acronym class="acronym">GPL</acronym> requires that modified versions be marked as changed,
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|     so that their problems will not be attributed erroneously to authors of
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|     previous versions.
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|   </p><p>
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|     Some devices are designed to deny users access to install or run modified
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|     versions of the software inside them, although the manufacturer can do so.
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|     This is fundamentally incompatible with the aim of protecting users’
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|     freedom to change the software.  The systematic pattern of such abuse occurs
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|     in the area of products for individuals to use, which is precisely where it
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|     is most unacceptable.  Therefore, we have designed this version of the
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|     <acronym class="acronym">GPL</acronym> to prohibit the practice for those products.  If such
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|     problems arise substantially in other domains, we stand ready to extend this
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|     provision to those domains in future versions of the <acronym class="acronym">GPL</acronym>,
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|     as needed to protect the freedom of users.
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|   </p><p>
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|     Finally, every program is threatened constantly by software patents.  States
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|     should not allow patents to restrict development and use of software on
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|     general-purpose computers, but in those that do, we wish to avoid the
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|     special danger that patents applied to a free program could make it
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|     effectively proprietary.  To prevent this, the <acronym class="acronym">GPL</acronym>
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|     assures that patents cannot be used to render the program non-free.
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|   </p><p>
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|     The precise terms and conditions for copying, distribution and modification
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|     follow.
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|   </p><h2><a id="id-1.3.6.5.16"></a>
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|     TERMS AND CONDITIONS
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|   </h2><h2><a id="gpl-3-definitions"></a>
 | ||
|     0. Definitions.
 | ||
|   </h2><p>
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|     “This License” refers to version 3 of the <acronym class="acronym">GNU</acronym>
 | ||
|     General Public License.
 | ||
|   </p><p>
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|     “Copyright” also means copyright-like laws that apply to other
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|     kinds of works, such as semiconductor masks.
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|   </p><p>
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|     “The Program” refers to any copyrightable work licensed under
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|     this License.  Each licensee is addressed as “you”.
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|     “Licensees” and “recipients” may be individuals or
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|     organizations.
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|   </p><p>
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|     To “modify” a work means to copy from or adapt all or part of
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|     the work in a fashion requiring copyright permission, other than the making
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|     of an exact copy.  The resulting work is called a “modified
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|     version” of the earlier work or a work “based on” the
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|     earlier work.
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|   </p><p>
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|     A “covered work” means either the unmodified Program or a work
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|     based on the Program.
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|   </p><p>
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|     To “propagate” a work means to do anything with it that, without
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|     permission, would make you directly or secondarily liable for infringement
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|     under applicable copyright law, except executing it on a computer or
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|     modifying a private copy.  Propagation includes copying, distribution (with
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|     or without modification), making available to the public, and in some
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|     countries other activities as well.
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|   </p><p>
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|     To “convey” a work means any kind of propagation that enables
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|     other parties to make or receive copies.  Mere interaction with a user
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|     through a computer network, with no transfer of a copy, is not conveying.
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|   </p><p>
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|     An interactive user interface displays “Appropriate Legal
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|     Notices” to the extent that it includes a convenient and prominently
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|     visible feature that (1) displays an appropriate copyright notice, and (2)
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|     tells the user that there is no warranty for the work (except to the extent
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|     that warranties are provided), that licensees may convey the work under this
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|     License, and how to view a copy of this License.  If the interface presents
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|     a list of user commands or options, such as a menu, a prominent item in the
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|     list meets this criterion.
 | ||
|   </p><h2><a id="SourceCode"></a>
 | ||
|     1. Source Code.
 | ||
|   </h2><p>
 | ||
|     The “source code” for a work means the preferred form of the
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|     work for making modifications to it.  “Object code” means any
 | ||
|     non-source form of a work.
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|   </p><p>
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|     A “Standard Interface” means an interface that either is an
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|     official standard defined by a recognized standards body, or, in the case of
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|     interfaces specified for a particular programming language, one that is
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|     widely used among developers working in that language.
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|   </p><p>
 | ||
|     The “System Libraries” of an executable work include anything,
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|     other than the work as a whole, that (a) is included in the normal form of
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|     packaging a Major Component, but which is not part of that Major Component,
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|     and (b) serves only to enable use of the work with that Major Component, or
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|     to implement a Standard Interface for which an implementation is available
 | ||
|     to the public in source code form.  A “Major Component”, in this
 | ||
|     context, means a major essential component (kernel, window system, and so
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|     on) of the specific operating system (if any) on which the executable work
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|     runs, or a compiler used to produce the work, or an object code interpreter
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|     used to run it.
 | ||
|   </p><p>
 | ||
|     The “Corresponding Source” for a work in object code form means
 | ||
|     all the source code needed to generate, install, and (for an executable
 | ||
|     work) run the object code and to modify the work, including scripts to
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|     control those activities.  However, it does not include the work’s
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|     System Libraries, or general-purpose tools or generally available free
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|     programs which are used unmodified in performing those activities but which
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|     are not part of the work.  For example, Corresponding Source includes
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|     interface definition files associated with source files for the work, and
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|     the source code for shared libraries and dynamically linked subprograms that
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|     the work is specifically designed to require, such as by intimate data
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|     communication or control flow between those subprograms and other parts of
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|     the work.
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|   </p><p>
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|     The Corresponding Source need not include anything that users can regenerate
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|     automatically from other parts of the Corresponding Source.
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|   </p><p>
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|     The Corresponding Source for a work in source code form is that same work.
 | ||
|   </p><h2><a id="BasicPermissions"></a>
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|     2. Basic Permissions.
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|   </h2><p>
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|     All rights granted under this License are granted for the term of copyright
 | ||
|     on the Program, and are irrevocable provided the stated conditions are met.
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|     This License explicitly affirms your unlimited permission to run the
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|     unmodified Program.  The output from running a covered work is covered by
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|     this License only if the output, given its content, constitutes a covered
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|     work.  This License acknowledges your rights of fair use or other
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|     equivalent, as provided by copyright law.
 | ||
|   </p><p>
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|     You may make, run and propagate covered works that you do not convey,
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|     without conditions so long as your license otherwise remains in force.  You
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|     may convey covered works to others for the sole purpose of having them make
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|     modifications exclusively for you, or provide you with facilities for
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|     running those works, provided that you comply with the terms of this License
 | ||
|     in conveying all material for which you do not control copyright.  Those
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|     thus making or running the covered works for you must do so exclusively on
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|     your behalf, under your direction and control, on terms that prohibit them
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|     from making any copies of your copyrighted material outside their
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|     relationship with you.
 | ||
|   </p><p>
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|     Conveying under any other circumstances is permitted solely under the
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|     conditions stated below.  Sublicensing is not allowed; section 10 makes it
 | ||
|     unnecessary.
 | ||
|   </p><h2><a id="Protecting"></a>
 | ||
|     3. Protecting Users’ Legal Rights From Anti-Circumvention Law.
 | ||
|   </h2><p>
 | ||
|     No covered work shall be deemed part of an effective technological measure
 | ||
|     under any applicable law fulfilling obligations under article 11 of the WIPO
 | ||
|     copyright treaty adopted on 20 December 1996, or similar laws prohibiting or
 | ||
|     restricting circumvention of such measures.
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|   </p><p>
 | ||
|     When you convey a covered work, you waive any legal power to forbid
 | ||
|     circumvention of technological measures to the extent such circumvention is
 | ||
|     effected by exercising rights under this License with respect to the covered
 | ||
|     work, and you disclaim any intention to limit operation or modification of
 | ||
|     the work as a means of enforcing, against the work’s users, your or
 | ||
|     third parties’ legal rights to forbid circumvention of technological
 | ||
|     measures.
 | ||
|   </p><h2><a id="ConveyingVerbatim"></a>
 | ||
|     4. Conveying Verbatim Copies.
 | ||
|   </h2><p>
 | ||
|     You may convey verbatim copies of the Program’s source code as you
 | ||
|     receive it, in any medium, provided that you conspicuously and appropriately
 | ||
|     publish on each copy an appropriate copyright notice; keep intact all
 | ||
|     notices stating that this License and any non-permissive terms added in
 | ||
|     accord with section 7 apply to the code; keep intact all notices of the
 | ||
|     absence of any warranty; and give all recipients a copy of this License
 | ||
|     along with the Program.
 | ||
|   </p><p>
 | ||
|     You may charge any price or no price for each copy that you convey, and you
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|     may offer support or warranty protection for a fee.
 | ||
|   </p><h2><a id="ConveyingModified"></a>
 | ||
|     5. Conveying Modified Source Versions.
 | ||
|   </h2><p>
 | ||
|     You may convey a work based on the Program, or the modifications to produce
 | ||
|     it from the Program, in the form of source code under the terms of section
 | ||
|     4, provided that you also meet all of these conditions:
 | ||
|   </p><div class="orderedlist"><ol class="orderedlist" type="a"><li class="listitem"><p>
 | ||
|         The work must carry prominent notices stating that you modified it, and
 | ||
|         giving a relevant date.
 | ||
|       </p></li><li class="listitem"><p>
 | ||
|         The work must carry prominent notices stating that it is released under
 | ||
|         this License and any conditions added under section 7.  This requirement
 | ||
|         modifies the requirement in section 4 to “keep intact all
 | ||
|         notices”.
 | ||
|       </p></li><li class="listitem"><p>
 | ||
|         You must license the entire work, as a whole, under this License to
 | ||
|         anyone who comes into possession of a copy.  This License will therefore
 | ||
|         apply, along with any applicable section 7 additional terms, to the
 | ||
|         whole of the work, and all its parts, regardless of how they are
 | ||
|         packaged.  This License gives no permission to license the work in any
 | ||
|         other way, but it does not invalidate such permission if you have
 | ||
|         separately received it.
 | ||
|       </p></li><li class="listitem"><p>
 | ||
|         If the work has interactive user interfaces, each must display
 | ||
|         Appropriate Legal Notices; however, if the Program has interactive
 | ||
|         interfaces that do not display Appropriate Legal Notices, your work need
 | ||
|         not make them do so.
 | ||
|       </p></li></ol></div><p>
 | ||
|     A compilation of a covered work with other separate and independent works,
 | ||
|     which are not by their nature extensions of the covered work, and which are
 | ||
|     not combined with it such as to form a larger program, in or on a volume of
 | ||
|     a storage or distribution medium, is called an “aggregate” if
 | ||
|     the compilation and its resulting copyright are not used to limit the access
 | ||
|     or legal rights of the compilation’s users beyond what the individual works
 | ||
|     permit.  Inclusion of a covered work in an aggregate does not cause
 | ||
|     this License to apply to the other parts of the aggregate.
 | ||
|   </p><h2><a id="ConveyingNonSource"></a>
 | ||
|     6. Conveying Non-Source Forms.
 | ||
|   </h2><p>
 | ||
|     You may convey a covered work in object code form under the terms of
 | ||
|     sections 4 and 5, provided that you also convey the machine-readable
 | ||
|     Corresponding Source under the terms of this License, in one of these ways:
 | ||
|   </p><div class="orderedlist"><ol class="orderedlist" type="a"><li class="listitem"><p>
 | ||
|         Convey the object code in, or embodied in, a physical product (including
 | ||
|         a physical distribution medium), accompanied by the Corresponding Source
 | ||
|         fixed on a durable physical medium customarily used for software
 | ||
|         interchange.
 | ||
|       </p></li><li class="listitem"><p>
 | ||
|         Convey the object code in, or embodied in, a physical product (including
 | ||
|         a physical distribution medium), accompanied by a written offer, valid
 | ||
|         for at least three years and valid for as long as you offer spare parts
 | ||
|         or customer support for that product model, to give anyone who possesses
 | ||
|         the object code either (1) a copy of the Corresponding Source for all
 | ||
|         the software in the product that is covered by this License, on a
 | ||
|         durable physical medium customarily used for software interchange, for a
 | ||
|         price no more than your reasonable cost of physically performing this
 | ||
|         conveying of source, or (2) access to copy the Corresponding Source from
 | ||
|         a network server at no charge.
 | ||
|       </p></li><li class="listitem"><p>
 | ||
|         Convey individual copies of the object code with a copy of the written
 | ||
|         offer to provide the Corresponding Source.  This alternative is allowed
 | ||
|         only occasionally and noncommercially, and only if you received the
 | ||
|         object code with such an offer, in accord with subsection 6b.
 | ||
|       </p></li><li class="listitem"><p>
 | ||
|         Convey the object code by offering access from a designated place
 | ||
|         (gratis or for a charge), and offer equivalent access to the
 | ||
|         Corresponding Source in the same way through the same place at no
 | ||
|         further charge.  You need not require recipients to copy the
 | ||
|         Corresponding Source along with the object code.  If the place to copy
 | ||
|         the object code is a network server, the Corresponding Source may be on
 | ||
|         a different server (operated by you or a third party) that supports
 | ||
|         equivalent copying facilities, provided you maintain clear directions
 | ||
|         next to the object code saying where to find the Corresponding Source.
 | ||
|         Regardless of what server hosts the Corresponding Source, you remain
 | ||
|         obligated to ensure that it is available for as long as needed to
 | ||
|         satisfy these requirements.
 | ||
|       </p></li><li class="listitem"><p>
 | ||
|         Convey the object code using peer-to-peer transmission, provided you
 | ||
|         inform other peers where the object code and Corresponding Source of the
 | ||
|         work are being offered to the general public at no charge under
 | ||
|         subsection 6d.
 | ||
|       </p></li></ol></div><p>
 | ||
|     A separable portion of the object code, whose source code is excluded from
 | ||
|     the Corresponding Source as a System Library, need not be included in
 | ||
|     conveying the object code work.
 | ||
|   </p><p>
 | ||
|     A “User Product” is either (1) a “consumer product”,
 | ||
|     which means any tangible personal property which is normally used for
 | ||
|     personal, family, or household purposes, or (2) anything designed or sold
 | ||
|     for incorporation into a dwelling.  In determining whether a product is a
 | ||
|     consumer product, doubtful cases shall be resolved in favor of coverage.
 | ||
|     For a particular product received by a particular user, “normally
 | ||
|     used” refers to a typical or common use of that class of product,
 | ||
|     regardless of the status of the particular user or of the way in which the
 | ||
|     particular user actually uses, or expects or is expected to use, the
 | ||
|     product.  A product is a consumer product regardless of whether the product
 | ||
|     has substantial commercial, industrial or non-consumer uses, unless such
 | ||
|     uses represent the only significant mode of use of the product.
 | ||
|   </p><p>
 | ||
|     “Installation Information” for a User Product means any methods,
 | ||
|     procedures, authorization keys, or other information required to install and
 | ||
|     execute modified versions of a covered work in that User Product from a
 | ||
|     modified version of its Corresponding Source.  The information must suffice
 | ||
|     to ensure that the continued functioning of the modified object code is in
 | ||
|     no case prevented or interfered with solely because modification has been
 | ||
|     made.
 | ||
|   </p><p>
 | ||
|     If you convey an object code work under this section in, or with, or
 | ||
|     specifically for use in, a User Product, and the conveying occurs as part of
 | ||
|     a transaction in which the right of possession and use of the User Product
 | ||
|     is transferred to the recipient in perpetuity or for a fixed term
 | ||
|     (regardless of how the transaction is characterized), the Corresponding
 | ||
|     Source conveyed under this section must be accompanied by the Installation
 | ||
|     Information.  But this requirement does not apply if neither you nor any
 | ||
|     third party retains the ability to install modified object code on the User
 | ||
|     Product (for example, the work has been installed in
 | ||
|     <acronym class="acronym">ROM</acronym>).
 | ||
|   </p><p>
 | ||
|     The requirement to provide Installation Information does not include a
 | ||
|     requirement to continue to provide support service, warranty, or updates for
 | ||
|     a work that has been modified or installed by the recipient, or for the User
 | ||
|     Product in which it has been modified or installed.  Access to a network may
 | ||
|     be denied when the modification itself materially and adversely affects the
 | ||
|     operation of the network or violates the rules and protocols for
 | ||
|     communication across the network.
 | ||
|   </p><p>
 | ||
|     Corresponding Source conveyed, and Installation Information provided, in
 | ||
|     accord with this section must be in a format that is publicly documented
 | ||
|     (and with an implementation available to the public in source code form),
 | ||
|     and must require no special password or key for unpacking, reading or
 | ||
|     copying.
 | ||
|   </p><h2><a id="AdditionalTerms"></a>
 | ||
|      7. Additional Terms.
 | ||
|    </h2><p>
 | ||
|      “Additional permissions” are terms that supplement the terms of
 | ||
|      this License by making exceptions from one or more of its conditions.
 | ||
|      Additional permissions that are applicable to the entire Program shall be
 | ||
|      treated as though they were included in this License, to the extent that
 | ||
|      they are valid under applicable law.  If additional permissions apply only
 | ||
|      to part of the Program, that part may be used separately under those
 | ||
|      permissions, but the entire Program remains governed by this License
 | ||
|      without regard to the additional permissions.
 | ||
|    </p><p>
 | ||
|      When you convey a copy of a covered work, you may at your option remove any
 | ||
|      additional permissions from that copy, or from any part of it.  (Additional
 | ||
|      permissions may be written to require their own removal in certain cases
 | ||
|      when you modify the work.)  You may place additional permissions on
 | ||
|      material, added by you to a covered work, for which you have or can give
 | ||
|      appropriate copyright permission.
 | ||
|    </p><p>
 | ||
|      Notwithstanding any other provision of this License, for material you add
 | ||
|      to a covered work, you may (if authorized by the copyright holders of that
 | ||
|      material) supplement the terms of this License with terms:
 | ||
|    </p><div class="orderedlist"><ol class="orderedlist" type="a"><li class="listitem"><p>
 | ||
|          Disclaiming warranty or limiting liability differently from the terms
 | ||
|          of sections 15 and 16 of this License; or
 | ||
|        </p></li><li class="listitem"><p>
 | ||
|          Requiring preservation of specified reasonable legal notices or author
 | ||
|          attributions in that material or in the Appropriate Legal Notices
 | ||
|          displayed by works containing it; or
 | ||
|        </p></li><li class="listitem"><p>
 | ||
|          Prohibiting misrepresentation of the origin of that material, or
 | ||
|          requiring that modified versions of such material be marked in
 | ||
|          reasonable ways as different from the original version; or
 | ||
|        </p></li><li class="listitem"><p>
 | ||
|          Limiting the use for publicity purposes of names of licensors or
 | ||
|          authors of the material; or
 | ||
|        </p></li><li class="listitem"><p>
 | ||
|          Declining to grant rights under trademark law for use of some trade
 | ||
|          names, trademarks, or service marks; or
 | ||
|        </p></li><li class="listitem"><p>
 | ||
|          Requiring indemnification of licensors and authors of that material by
 | ||
|          anyone who conveys the material (or modified versions of it) with
 | ||
|          contractual assumptions of liability to the recipient, for any
 | ||
|          liability that these contractual assumptions directly impose on those
 | ||
|          licensors and authors.
 | ||
|        </p></li></ol></div><p>
 | ||
|      All other non-permissive additional terms are considered “further
 | ||
|      restrictions” within the meaning of section 10.  If the Program as
 | ||
|      you received it, or any part of it, contains a notice stating that it is
 | ||
|      governed by this License along with a term that is a further restriction,
 | ||
|      you may remove that term.  If a license document contains a further
 | ||
|      restriction but permits relicensing or conveying under this License, you
 | ||
|      may add to a covered work material governed by the terms of that license
 | ||
|      document, provided that the further restriction does not survive such
 | ||
|      relicensing or conveying.
 | ||
|    </p><p>
 | ||
|      If you add terms to a covered work in accord with this section, you must
 | ||
|      place, in the relevant source files, a statement of the additional terms
 | ||
|      that apply to those files, or a notice indicating where to find the
 | ||
|      applicable terms.
 | ||
|    </p><p>
 | ||
|      Additional terms, permissive or non-permissive, may be stated in the form
 | ||
|      of a separately written license, or stated as exceptions; the above
 | ||
|      requirements apply either way.
 | ||
|    </p><h2><a id="gpl-3-termination"></a>
 | ||
|      8. Termination.
 | ||
|    </h2><p>
 | ||
|      You may not propagate or modify a covered work except as expressly provided
 | ||
|      under this License.  Any attempt otherwise to propagate or modify it is
 | ||
|      void, and will automatically terminate your rights under this License
 | ||
|      (including any patent licenses granted under the third paragraph of section
 | ||
|      11).
 | ||
|    </p><p>
 | ||
|      However, if you cease all violation of this License, then your license from
 | ||
|      a particular copyright holder is reinstated (a) provisionally, unless and
 | ||
|      until the copyright holder explicitly and finally terminates your license,
 | ||
|      and (b) permanently, if the copyright holder fails to notify you of the
 | ||
|      violation by some reasonable means prior to 60 days after the cessation.
 | ||
|    </p><p>
 | ||
|      Moreover, your license from a particular copyright holder is reinstated
 | ||
|      permanently if the copyright holder notifies you of the violation by some
 | ||
|      reasonable means, this is the first time you have received notice of
 | ||
|      violation of this License (for any work) from that copyright holder, and
 | ||
|      you cure the violation prior to 30 days after your receipt of the notice.
 | ||
|    </p><p>
 | ||
|      Termination of your rights under this section does not terminate the
 | ||
|      licenses of parties who have received copies or rights from you under this
 | ||
|      License.  If your rights have been terminated and not permanently
 | ||
|      reinstated, you do not qualify to receive new licenses for the same
 | ||
|      material under section 10.
 | ||
|    </p><h2><a id="AcceptanceNotRequired"></a>
 | ||
|      9. Acceptance Not Required for Having Copies.
 | ||
|    </h2><p>
 | ||
|      You are not required to accept this License in order to receive or run a
 | ||
|      copy of the Program.  Ancillary propagation of a covered work occurring
 | ||
|      solely as a consequence of using peer-to-peer transmission to receive a
 | ||
|      copy likewise does not require acceptance.  However, nothing other than
 | ||
|      this License grants you permission to propagate or modify any covered work.
 | ||
|      These actions infringe copyright if you do not accept this License.
 | ||
|      Therefore, by modifying or propagating a covered work, you indicate your
 | ||
|      acceptance of this License to do so.
 | ||
|    </p><h2><a id="AutomaticDownstream"></a>
 | ||
|      10. Automatic Licensing of Downstream Recipients.
 | ||
|    </h2><p>
 | ||
|      Each time you convey a covered work, the recipient automatically receives a
 | ||
|      license from the original licensors, to run, modify and propagate that
 | ||
|      work, subject to this License.  You are not responsible for enforcing
 | ||
|      compliance by third parties with this License.
 | ||
|    </p><p>
 | ||
|      An “entity transaction” is a transaction transferring control
 | ||
|      of an organization, or substantially all assets of one, or subdividing an
 | ||
|      organization, or merging organizations.  If propagation of a covered work
 | ||
|      results from an entity transaction, each party to that transaction who
 | ||
|      receives a copy of the work also receives whatever licenses to the work the
 | ||
|      party’s predecessor in interest had or could give under the previous
 | ||
|      paragraph, plus a right to possession of the Corresponding Source of the
 | ||
|      work from the predecessor in interest, if the predecessor has it or can get
 | ||
|      it with reasonable efforts.
 | ||
|    </p><p>
 | ||
|      You may not impose any further restrictions on the exercise of the rights
 | ||
|      granted or affirmed under this License.  For example, you may not impose a
 | ||
|      license fee, royalty, or other charge for exercise of rights granted under
 | ||
|      this License, and you may not initiate litigation (including a cross-claim
 | ||
|      or counterclaim in a lawsuit) alleging that any patent claim is infringed
 | ||
|      by making, using, selling, offering for sale, or importing the Program or
 | ||
|      any portion of it.
 | ||
|    </p><h2><a id="Patents"></a>
 | ||
|     11. Patents.
 | ||
|   </h2><p>
 | ||
|     A “contributor” is a copyright holder who authorizes use under
 | ||
|     this License of the Program or a work on which the Program is based.  The
 | ||
|     work thus licensed is called the contributor’s “contributor
 | ||
|     version”.
 | ||
|   </p><p>
 | ||
|     A contributor’s “essential patent claims” are all patent
 | ||
|     claims owned or controlled by the contributor, whether already acquired or
 | ||
|     hereafter acquired, that would be infringed by some manner, permitted by
 | ||
|     this License, of making, using, or selling its contributor version, but do
 | ||
|     not include claims that would be infringed only as a consequence of further
 | ||
|     modification of the contributor version.  For purposes of this definition,
 | ||
|     “control” includes the right to grant patent sublicenses in a
 | ||
|     manner consistent with the requirements of this License.
 | ||
|   </p><p>
 | ||
|     Each contributor grants you a non-exclusive, worldwide, royalty-free patent
 | ||
|     license under the contributor’s essential patent claims, to make, use,
 | ||
|     sell, offer for sale, import and otherwise run, modify and propagate the
 | ||
|     contents of its contributor version.
 | ||
|   </p><p>
 | ||
|     In the following three paragraphs, a “patent license” is any
 | ||
|     express agreement or commitment, however denominated, not to enforce a
 | ||
|     patent (such as an express permission to practice a patent or covenant not
 | ||
|     to sue for patent infringement).  To “grant” such a patent
 | ||
|     license to a party means to make such an agreement or commitment not to
 | ||
|     enforce a patent against the party.
 | ||
|   </p><p>
 | ||
|     If you convey a covered work, knowingly relying on a patent license, and the
 | ||
|     Corresponding Source of the work is not available for anyone to copy, free
 | ||
|     of charge and under the terms of this License, through a publicly available
 | ||
|     network server or other readily accessible means, then you must either (1)
 | ||
|     cause the Corresponding Source to be so available, or (2) arrange to deprive
 | ||
|     yourself of the benefit of the patent license for this particular work, or
 | ||
|     (3) arrange, in a manner consistent with the requirements of this License,
 | ||
|     to extend the patent license to downstream recipients.  “Knowingly
 | ||
|     relying” means you have actual knowledge that, but for the patent
 | ||
|     license, your conveying the covered work in a country, or your
 | ||
|     recipient’s use of the covered work in a country, would infringe one
 | ||
|     or more identifiable patents in that country that you have reason to believe
 | ||
|     are valid.
 | ||
|   </p><p>
 | ||
|     If, pursuant to or in connection with a single transaction or arrangement,
 | ||
|     you convey, or propagate by procuring conveyance of, a covered work, and
 | ||
|     grant a patent license to some of the parties receiving the covered work
 | ||
|     authorizing them to use, propagate, modify or convey a specific copy of the
 | ||
|     covered work, then the patent license you grant is automatically extended to
 | ||
|     all recipients of the covered work and works based on it.
 | ||
|   </p><p>
 | ||
|     A patent license is “discriminatory” if it does not include
 | ||
|     within the scope of its coverage, prohibits the exercise of, or is
 | ||
|     conditioned on the non-exercise of one or more of the rights that are
 | ||
|     specifically granted under this License.  You may not convey a covered work
 | ||
|     if you are a party to an arrangement with a third party that is in the
 | ||
|     business of distributing software, under which you make payment to the third
 | ||
|     party based on the extent of your activity of conveying the work, and under
 | ||
|     which the third party grants, to any of the parties who would receive the
 | ||
|     covered work from you, a discriminatory patent license (a) in connection
 | ||
|     with copies of the covered work conveyed by you (or copies made from those
 | ||
|     copies), or (b) primarily for and in connection with specific products or
 | ||
|     compilations that contain the covered work, unless you entered into that
 | ||
|     arrangement, or that patent license was granted, prior to 28 March 2007.
 | ||
|   </p><p>
 | ||
|     Nothing in this License shall be construed as excluding or limiting any
 | ||
|     implied license or other defenses to infringement that may otherwise be
 | ||
|     available to you under applicable patent law.
 | ||
|   </p><h2><a id="NoSurrender"></a>
 | ||
|     12. No Surrender of Others’ Freedom.
 | ||
|   </h2><p>
 | ||
|     If conditions are imposed on you (whether by court order, agreement or
 | ||
|     otherwise) that contradict the conditions of this License, they do not
 | ||
|     excuse you from the conditions of this License.  If you cannot convey a
 | ||
|     covered work so as to satisfy simultaneously your obligations under this
 | ||
|     License and any other pertinent obligations, then as a consequence you may
 | ||
|     not convey it at all.  For example, if you agree to terms that obligate you
 | ||
|     to collect a royalty for further conveying from those to whom you convey the
 | ||
|     Program, the only way you could satisfy both those terms and this License
 | ||
|     would be to refrain entirely from conveying the Program.
 | ||
|   </p><h2><a id="UsedWithAGPL"></a>
 | ||
|     13. Use with the <acronym class="acronym">GNU</acronym> Affero General Public License.
 | ||
|   </h2><p>
 | ||
|     Notwithstanding any other provision of this License, you have permission to
 | ||
|     link or combine any covered work with a work licensed under version 3 of the
 | ||
|     <acronym class="acronym">GNU</acronym> Affero General Public License into a single combined
 | ||
|     work, and to convey the resulting work.  The terms of this License will
 | ||
|     continue to apply to the part which is the covered work, but the special
 | ||
|     requirements of the <acronym class="acronym">GNU</acronym> Affero General Public License,
 | ||
|     section 13, concerning interaction through a network will apply to the
 | ||
|     combination as such.
 | ||
|   </p><h2><a id="RevisedVersions"></a>
 | ||
|     14. Revised Versions of this License.
 | ||
|   </h2><p>
 | ||
|     The Free Software Foundation may publish revised and/or new versions of the
 | ||
|     <acronym class="acronym">GNU</acronym> General Public License from time to time.  Such new
 | ||
|     versions will be similar in spirit to the present version, but may differ in
 | ||
|     detail to address new problems or concerns.
 | ||
|   </p><p>
 | ||
|     Each version is given a distinguishing version number.  If the Program
 | ||
|     specifies that a certain numbered version of the <acronym class="acronym">GNU</acronym>
 | ||
|     General Public License “or any later version” applies to it, you
 | ||
|     have the option of following the terms and conditions either of that
 | ||
|     numbered version or of any later version published by the Free Software
 | ||
|     Foundation.  If the Program does not specify a version number of the
 | ||
|     <acronym class="acronym">GNU</acronym> General Public License, you may choose any version
 | ||
|     ever published by the Free Software Foundation.
 | ||
|   </p><p>
 | ||
|     If the Program specifies that a proxy can decide which future versions of
 | ||
|     the <acronym class="acronym">GNU</acronym> General Public License can be used, that
 | ||
|     proxy’s public statement of acceptance of a version permanently
 | ||
|     authorizes you to choose that version for the Program.
 | ||
|   </p><p>
 | ||
|     Later license versions may give you additional or different permissions.
 | ||
|     However, no additional obligations are imposed on any author or copyright
 | ||
|     holder as a result of your choosing to follow a later version.
 | ||
|   </p><h2><a id="WarrantyDisclaimer"></a>
 | ||
|     15. Disclaimer of Warranty.
 | ||
|   </h2><p>
 | ||
|     THERE IS NO WARRANTY FOR THE PROGRAM, TO THE EXTENT PERMITTED BY APPLICABLE
 | ||
|     LAW.  EXCEPT WHEN OTHERWISE STATED IN WRITING THE COPYRIGHT HOLDERS AND/OR
 | ||
|     OTHER PARTIES PROVIDE THE PROGRAM “AS IS” WITHOUT WARRANTY OF
 | ||
|     ANY KIND, EITHER EXPRESSED OR IMPLIED, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE
 | ||
|     IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.
 | ||
|     THE ENTIRE RISK AS TO THE QUALITY AND PERFORMANCE OF THE PROGRAM IS WITH
 | ||
|     YOU.  SHOULD THE PROGRAM PROVE DEFECTIVE, YOU ASSUME THE COST OF ALL
 | ||
|     NECESSARY SERVICING, REPAIR OR CORRECTION.
 | ||
|   </p><h2><a id="LiabilityLimitation"></a>
 | ||
|     16. Limitation of Liability.
 | ||
|   </h2><p>
 | ||
|     IN NO EVENT UNLESS REQUIRED BY APPLICABLE LAW OR AGREED TO IN WRITING WILL
 | ||
|     ANY COPYRIGHT HOLDER, OR ANY OTHER PARTY WHO MODIFIES AND/OR CONVEYS THE
 | ||
|     PROGRAM AS PERMITTED ABOVE, BE LIABLE TO YOU FOR DAMAGES, INCLUDING ANY
 | ||
|     GENERAL, SPECIAL, INCIDENTAL OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES ARISING OUT OF THE USE
 | ||
|     OR INABILITY TO USE THE PROGRAM (INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO LOSS OF DATA
 | ||
|     OR DATA BEING RENDERED INACCURATE OR LOSSES SUSTAINED BY YOU OR THIRD
 | ||
|     PARTIES OR A FAILURE OF THE PROGRAM TO OPERATE WITH ANY OTHER PROGRAMS),
 | ||
|     EVEN IF SUCH HOLDER OR OTHER PARTY HAS BEEN ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF
 | ||
|     SUCH DAMAGES.
 | ||
|   </p><h2><a id="InterpretationSecs1516"></a>
 | ||
|     17. Interpretation of Sections 15 and 16.
 | ||
|   </h2><p>
 | ||
|     If the disclaimer of warranty and limitation of liability provided above
 | ||
|     cannot be given local legal effect according to their terms, reviewing
 | ||
|     courts shall apply local law that most closely approximates an absolute
 | ||
|     waiver of all civil liability in connection with the Program, unless a
 | ||
|     warranty or assumption of liability accompanies a copy of the Program in
 | ||
|     return for a fee.
 | ||
|   </p><h2><a id="id-1.3.6.5.99"></a>
 | ||
|     END OF TERMS AND CONDITIONS
 | ||
|   </h2><h2><a id="HowToApply"></a>
 | ||
|     How to Apply These Terms to Your New Programs
 | ||
|   </h2><p>
 | ||
|     If you develop a new program, and you want it to be of the greatest possible
 | ||
|     use to the public, the best way to achieve this is to make it free software
 | ||
|     which everyone can redistribute and change under these terms.
 | ||
|   </p><p>
 | ||
|     To do so, attach the following notices to the program.  It is safest to
 | ||
|     attach them to the start of each source file to most effectively state the
 | ||
|     exclusion of warranty; and each file should have at least the
 | ||
|     “copyright” line and a pointer to where the full notice is
 | ||
|     found.
 | ||
|   </p><pre class="screen">
 | ||
| <em class="replaceable"><code>one line to give the program’s name and a brief idea of what it does.</code></em>
 | ||
| Copyright (C) <em class="replaceable"><code>year</code></em> <em class="replaceable"><code>name of author</code></em>
 | ||
| 
 | ||
| This program is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify
 | ||
| it under the terms of the <acronym class="acronym">GNU</acronym> General Public License as published by
 | ||
| the Free Software Foundation, either version 3 of the License, or
 | ||
| (at your option) any later version.
 | ||
| 
 | ||
| This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
 | ||
| but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
 | ||
| MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the
 | ||
| <acronym class="acronym">GNU</acronym> General Public License for more details.
 | ||
| 
 | ||
| You should have received a copy of the <acronym class="acronym">GNU</acronym> General Public License
 | ||
| along with this program.  If not, see <a class="link" href="http://www.gnu.org/licenses/" target="_top">http://www.gnu.org/licenses/</a>.
 | ||
|   </pre><p>
 | ||
|     Also add information on how to contact you by electronic and paper mail.
 | ||
|   </p><p>
 | ||
|     If the program does terminal interaction, make it output a short notice like
 | ||
|     this when it starts in an interactive mode:
 | ||
|   </p><pre class="screen">
 | ||
| <em class="replaceable"><code>program</code></em> Copyright (C) <em class="replaceable"><code>year</code></em> <em class="replaceable"><code>name of author</code></em>
 | ||
| This program comes with ABSOLUTELY NO WARRANTY; for details type ‘<code class="literal">show w</code>’.
 | ||
| This is free software, and you are welcome to redistribute it
 | ||
| under certain conditions; type ‘<code class="literal">show c</code>’ for details.
 | ||
|   </pre><p>
 | ||
|     The hypothetical commands ‘<code class="literal">show w</code>’ and
 | ||
|     ‘<code class="literal">show c</code>’ should show the appropriate parts of
 | ||
|     the General Public License.  Of course, your program’s commands might be
 | ||
|     different; for a GUI interface, you would use an “about box”.
 | ||
|   </p><p>
 | ||
|     You should also get your employer (if you work as a programmer) or school,
 | ||
|     if any, to sign a “copyright disclaimer” for the program, if
 | ||
|     necessary.  For more information on this, and how to apply and follow the
 | ||
|     <acronym class="acronym">GNU</acronym> <acronym class="acronym">GPL</acronym>, see
 | ||
|     <a class="link" href="http://www.gnu.org/licenses/" target="_top">http://www.gnu.org/licenses/</a>.
 | ||
|   </p><p>
 | ||
|     The <acronym class="acronym">GNU</acronym> General Public License does not permit
 | ||
|     incorporating your program into proprietary programs.  If your program is a
 | ||
|     subroutine library, you may consider it more useful to permit linking
 | ||
|     proprietary applications with the library.  If this is what you want to do,
 | ||
|     use the <acronym class="acronym">GNU</acronym> Lesser General Public License instead of this
 | ||
|     License.  But first, please read <a class="link" href="http://www.gnu.org/philosophy/why-not-lgpl.html" target="_top">http://www.gnu.org/philosophy/why-not-lgpl.html</a>.
 | ||
|   </p></div><div class="navfooter"><hr /><table width="100%" summary="Navigation footer"><tr><td width="40%" align="left"><a accesskey="p" href="appendix_free.html">Prev</a> </td><td width="20%" align="center"><a accesskey="u" href="appendix.html">Up</a></td><td width="40%" align="right"> <a accesskey="n" href="appendix_gfdl.html">Next</a></td></tr><tr><td width="40%" align="left" valign="top">Appendix C. 
 | ||
|   Free Software Needs Free Documentation
 | ||
|   
 | ||
|  </td><td width="20%" align="center"><a accesskey="h" href="../index.html">Home</a></td><td width="40%" align="right" valign="top"> Appendix E. GNU Free Documentation License</td></tr></table></div></body></html> |